Section 1: Sensorimotor Flashcards
(37 cards)
Motor Behaviour
includes the movements and motor skills of an individual
Motor Skill
a goal oriented task that involves voluntary movement and is usually made up of a series of movements
Movement
is a component of motor skill, the behavioural characteristics of a limb or combination of limbs
What’s the difference between skill and movement
A skill can be done by any combination of movements (different movement can produce the same skill)
Skills are related to the outcome while movement is specific characteristics
what is feedforward control?
uses sensory information before moment to apply to movement and its often rapid
what is feedback control?
it uses the sensory during the event to modify movement and its often slower
what are the types of sensory control problems
- DOF
- serial-order integration problem
- motor learning
- sensorimotor integration problem
what is DOF problem?
degree of freedom problem
- the independent variables that control specific movements (neurons, muscles and joints)
- muscle, neuron and joint is consider a DOF but a benefit is it makes a greater flexibility in movement
how is DOF problems helped?
by muscle synergies: muscles that have similar commands are put together or frozen when doing a movement for more control
what is the serial order problem?
the nervous system has to activate a the correct muscles at he correct time to perform a movement
how is the serial order problem fixed?
the it makes a motor plan that is the simultaneous motion of different effectors so movement is smooth
what is the sensory interaction problem?
all the info from different sensors have to interpret and integrated so an action can occur
what is the motor learning problem
to what extent’s the motor skills innate or learned
what are the fundamentals of standing?
Goal: to stay upright and balanced,
factors that affect sway
- age and fatigue
- terrin
- base of support
- availability of of senses
- psychological fears
the 3 main factors for stability?
COM- centre of mass
BOS- base od support
COP- centre of pressure
what is anticipatory postural adjustaments
body preparations to move a limb
- increase stability of body and moving limbs
why do you shift weight to the side of the body that will move
you need to push the com to the support leg
what are the fundamentals of walking?
base of support is kept balanced so not much stress when you are on one leg
COM and COP also change
what are the fundamentals of grabbing?
3 considerations of target
- location
- characteristics
- arm and shoulder adjustment
what is done to prepare to grab set
pre shape the hand and Oriente the right way
the shortest distance is always the one
what are the fundamentals of eye movement?
why is gaze shift important?
the 5 degree centre has the best visibility so the eye will constant shift to see everything in the best view
what is the neuromechanical limit to the gaze shift?
its 40-45 degrees, after that, the head must turn as well
what is the framework of motor behaviour?
- environment
- individual
- task