Section 1: Sensorimotor Flashcards

(37 cards)

1
Q

Motor Behaviour

A

includes the movements and motor skills of an individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Motor Skill

A

a goal oriented task that involves voluntary movement and is usually made up of a series of movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Movement

A

is a component of motor skill, the behavioural characteristics of a limb or combination of limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What’s the difference between skill and movement

A

A skill can be done by any combination of movements (different movement can produce the same skill)
Skills are related to the outcome while movement is specific characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is feedforward control?

A

uses sensory information before moment to apply to movement and its often rapid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is feedback control?

A

it uses the sensory during the event to modify movement and its often slower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the types of sensory control problems

A
  • DOF
  • serial-order integration problem
  • motor learning
  • sensorimotor integration problem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is DOF problem?

A

degree of freedom problem
- the independent variables that control specific movements (neurons, muscles and joints)
- muscle, neuron and joint is consider a DOF but a benefit is it makes a greater flexibility in movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how is DOF problems helped?

A

by muscle synergies: muscles that have similar commands are put together or frozen when doing a movement for more control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the serial order problem?

A

the nervous system has to activate a the correct muscles at he correct time to perform a movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how is the serial order problem fixed?

A

the it makes a motor plan that is the simultaneous motion of different effectors so movement is smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the sensory interaction problem?

A

all the info from different sensors have to interpret and integrated so an action can occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the motor learning problem

A

to what extent’s the motor skills innate or learned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the fundamentals of standing?

A

Goal: to stay upright and balanced,

factors that affect sway
- age and fatigue
- terrin
- base of support
- availability of of senses
- psychological fears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the 3 main factors for stability?

A

COM- centre of mass
BOS- base od support
COP- centre of pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is anticipatory postural adjustaments

A

body preparations to move a limb
- increase stability of body and moving limbs

17
Q

why do you shift weight to the side of the body that will move

A

you need to push the com to the support leg

18
Q

what are the fundamentals of walking?

A

base of support is kept balanced so not much stress when you are on one leg
COM and COP also change

19
Q

what are the fundamentals of grabbing?

A

3 considerations of target
- location
- characteristics
- arm and shoulder adjustment

20
Q

what is done to prepare to grab set

A

pre shape the hand and Oriente the right way
the shortest distance is always the one

21
Q

what are the fundamentals of eye movement?

22
Q

why is gaze shift important?

A

the 5 degree centre has the best visibility so the eye will constant shift to see everything in the best view

23
Q

what is the neuromechanical limit to the gaze shift?

A

its 40-45 degrees, after that, the head must turn as well

24
Q

what is the framework of motor behaviour?

A
  • environment
  • individual
  • task
25
what are the questions to ask when going about a motor behaviour problem
- what is the goal of the motor behaviour - what the relevant environment factor - anything needs to be avoided or interacted with - how many movements and what muscles are being used
26
what environment info is relevant?
- size - shape - weather terrain - light
27
task contraints
Object interaction - avoiding or interacting Stability - moving balance or statinary
28
the individual
cognitive factors - emotion, energy, attention, motivation sensory factors - 5 senses activate motor related - degree of freedom, specific motor tracts
29
3 ways to classify the motor behaviour
- reflexive - rhythmic - voluntary
30
what would you talk about if something is reflective
- GTOs - vision (temporal/nasal) - balance and movement - speed of movement
31
what would you talk about if smt is rhymtic
- desensitization - muscle memory (GTO) - speed of movement - attention - environment
32
what would you talk about if smt is voluntary
- goal - motor plan - motivation - feedback
33
3 one dimensional description of motor behaviour
- primary musculature - start and end of task - stability of environment
34
primary muscolature
gross (big muscles) vs. fine (small muscles)
35
specify of start and end
discrete- one movement (kick ball) serial - many discrete put together (piano) continuous- no end and start (swimming)
36
types of continuous
pursuit tracking- following others movement compensatory tracking - goal is set by another, must maintain step tracking-target or path moves as person follows
37
stability of environment
closed - environment is predictable middle- typical event, may have surprise open- environment is unpredictable