Section 1 Quizzes Flashcards
Why does nutrition of animals matter so much?
-Feed is a large cost for care of livestock and pets
-Product quality is affected by animal nutrition
-Nutrient intake greatly affects health of animals
Which of the following states the 4 processes of nutrition in the correct order?
- consume feed
- digest feed
- absorb nutrients
- use nutrients
(T/F) Animals are made of nutrients, and use nutrients to fuel their metabolic processes.
True
What is a diet in terms of this class?
the feedstuffs/foods consumed by an animal
Which of the following is not a nutrient class?
Energy
(T/F) We do not talk about water much because animals do not need much of it.
False
Protein structures have what unique element?
Nitrogen
Which of the following is not an accurate description of carbohydrates?
A. Animal tissue can be very high in carbohydrates
B. Carbohydrates generally only contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
C. Carbohydrates are generally used by the body as energy
D. Most Carbohydrates are consumed as polymers or dimers that come from plant
A. Animal tissue can be very high in carbohydrates
Definition of non-essential amino acid.
It does not need to be in the diet because the body can produce it if it consumes enough substrates
What describes lipids in the diet?
-Some fatty acids are essential in the diet
-Many are consumed as triglycerides
-They can be used to generate more energy than other nutrient types
(T/F) Energy can come from all major nutrient classes.
False
Which of these is not true about vitamins and minerals?
A. Minerals are inorganic but vitamins always contain C
B. Both are found in low concentrations in the diet
C. Vitamins are classified by how much are needed in the diet
D. Minerals and vitamins have various functions based on the specific mineral/vitamin
C. Vitamins are classified by how much are needed in the diet
Which of the following is not a role of the GI tract for all species?
A. Absorbing nutrients
B. Digesting food
C. Excreting urine
D. Pathogen defense
E. Moving digesta and waste
C. Excreting urine
(T/F) The lumen of the GI tract is on the inside of the body.
False
What animal has the type of GI tract that we often think of as the “default” when comparing other types of GI tracts?
Pig
Which of these does not describe a way that poultry are different from simple monogastrics?
A. Birds may have more than 1 cecum
B. Birds have no gastric stomach
C. Birds have a storage area before the stomach
D. Birds have a ventriculus for grinding feed after the stomach
B. Birds have no gastric stomach
Which of these is not a correct statement about avian GI tracts?
A. The pancreas of birds is very different based on its location
B. Crop function differs some among diet and species
C. The relatively small proventriculus is made up for by the ventriculus
D. The ventriculus acts to decrease particle size of digesta
A. The pancreas of birds is very different based on its location
Hindgut fermenters ___________.
A. Can consume a forage-based diet because of their high fermentation capacity in the large intestine
B. Can have an ensacculated (sacculated) cecum and colon
C. Have a similar foregut and midgut to a pig or human
D. All of these
D. All of these
Which of these is not an accurate comparison of GI tract compacity and fermentation?
A. Ruminants have much more relative foregut capacity than other GI tract types
B. All species types discussed have some possible large intestinal fermentation
C. Simple monogastrics usually have a similar capacity among the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
D. Horses and cattle have similar relative capacity of the foregut, midgut, and hindgut
D. Horses and cattle have similar relative capacity of the foregut, midgut, and hindgut
How are ruminants different from most other species?
They have a large fermentation vat before the small intestine
(T/F) The GI tract uses and metabolizes many nutrients, in addition to digesting and absorbing them.
True
Which of these is not an accurate comparison of horses with other livestock species?
A. Importance of hindgut fermentation to an individual horse depends on its diet
B. They can eat more fiber than pigs
C. They digest fiber better than cattle
D. They have faster passage rate than cattle
E. Although both have large intestinal fermentation, horses have more than pigs
C. They digest fiber better than cattle
Who has the most minor contribution of fermentation to their diet in this list?
A. Grazing ewe
B. Broiler fed corn-soy diet
C. Gestating sow
D. Grazing mare
B. broiler fed corn-soy diet
Why do microbes do fermentation in the GI tract?
To provide energy for themselves
