Second Lecture pt 2

Question 1

-ase

Answer 1

decomposition enzyme

Question 2

• in

- en

Answer 2

proteins

Question 3

polymer of amino acid

Answer 3

protein

Question 4

peptide

Answer 4

any molecule composed of two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Question 5

peptide bonds

Answer 5

joins the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of the next

Question 6

unique 3D shape of a protein crucial to function

Answer 6

conformation

Question 7

coiled or folded shape held together by hydrogen bonds

Answer 7

secondary structure

Question 8

extreme conformal change that destroys function

Answer 8

denaturation

Question 9

conjugated proteins contain a non-amino acid moiety called

Answer 9

prosthetic group

Question 10

hemoglobin contains four complex iron-containing rings called

Answer 10

heme moiety

Question 11

Seven functions of protein

Answer 11

structure, communication, membrane transport, catalysis, recognition and protection, movement, cell adhesion

Question 12

any hormone or molecule that reversibly binds to a protein

Answer 12

ligand

Question 13

transports solute particles to other side of membrane

Answer 13

carrier proteins

Question 14

-gen

Answer 14

creation

Question 15

proteins that function as biological catalysts, permitting biochemical reaction to occur rapidly at body temperatures

Answer 15

enzymes

Question 16

substance an enzyme acts upon

Answer 16

substrate

Question 17

activation energy

Answer 17

energy needed to get reaction started

Question 18

metabolic pathway

Answer 18

chain reactions with each step catalyzed by a different enzyme

Question 19

organic compounds consisting of a carbon-nitrogen ring called a nitrogenous base, a monosaccharide, and one or more phospahte groups.

Answer 19

nucleotides

Question 20

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 20

one of the best-known nucleotides and is the body’s most important energy-transfer molecule.

Question 21

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Answer 21

100 million- 1 billion nucleotides long; constitutes genes

Question 22

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Answer 22

70-100,000 nucleotides long; carries out genetic instruction for synthesizing proteins; assembles amino acids in the right order to produce proteins

Question 23

The three types of RNA

Answer 23

messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA