Chapter 3

Question 1

cytology

Answer 1

scientific study of cells

Question 2

modern cell theory

Answer 2

All organisms are composed of cells and cell products. The cell is the simplest structural and function unit of life.
An organism’s structure and functions are ultimately due to cellular activity.
Cells come only from pre-existing cells.
The cells of all species have many fundamental similarities.

Question 3

thin and flat with nucleus creating bulge

Answer 3

squamous

Question 4

irregularly angular shapes with for or more sides

Answer 4

polygonal

Question 5

starlike shape

Answer 5

stellate

Question 6

cuboidal

Answer 6

squarish and about as tall as is wide

Question 7

columnar

Answer 7

taller than wide

Question 8

round to oval

Answer 8

spheroid and ovoid

Question 9

discoid cells

Answer 9

circular with raised rim and sunken center

Question 10

fusiform cells

Answer 10

thick in the middle and tapered to the ends

Question 11

have a threadlike shape

Answer 11

fibrous cells

Question 12

limited partly due to the surface area to volume relationship

Answer 12

cell size

Question 13

cytpoplasm

Answer 13

fluid between the nucleus and surface emembran

Question 14

resolution

Answer 14

ability to reveal detail

Question 15

intra

Answer 15

inside

Question 16

extra

Answer 16

outside

Question 17

small extensions (1-2 um) of the plasma membrane that serve to increase a cell’s surface area.

Answer 17

microvilli

Question 18

Cilia

Answer 18

hair-like (7-10 um) processes; nearly every human cell has a single, nonmotile primary cilium a few micrometers long.

Question 19

whiplike structures (20-200 um) longer than cilia but with an identical axoneme

Answer 19

Flagella

Question 20

diffusion

Answer 20

the net movement of particles from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration