Second 50 A Flashcards
Where is the RCA found?
In the atrio-ventricular sulcus.
Name the 3 main branches of the RCA.
- Sino-atrial nodal branch.
- Right marginal branch.
- Posterior inter-ventricular branch.
In what sulcus does the circumflex artery lie? What other large vessel can be found here?
Left atrio-ventricular sulcus.
The coronary sinus can also be found here. IT passes posteriorly and drains into the RA.
Where is the SAN located?
The upper aspect of the crista terminalis in the RA.
Name the artery that supplies:
a) The SAN
b) The AVN
a) Sino-atrial nodal branch of RCA.
b) Posterior inter-ventricular branch, usually RCA.
What 2 spaces does the crista terminalis divide in the RA?
It divides the smooth walled atrium from the trabeculated auricle - ridges = musculi pecanti.
How do the mitral and tricuspid valves work?
They open passively when the atria contract and then close afterwards to prevent backflow. The papillary muscles and chordae tendinae work to keep the valves closed during ventricular contraction.
How do the atrial and pulmonary valves work?
They open passively when the ventricles contract. Towards the end of systole they close to prevent the back flow of blood. The pressure of blood on the valves keeps them closed.
Where can you hear the pulmonary valve?
Left of the sternum, 2nd intercostal space.
Where can you hear the aortic valve?
Right of the sternum, 2nd intercostal space.
What tracheal rings does the isthmus of the thyroid gland lie in front of?
2nd, 3rd and 4th.
Where do the thyroid arteries arise from?
- Superior thyroid artery - External carotid artery.
2. Inferior thyroid artery - Thyrocervical trunk, a branch of the Subclavian artery.
What is the origin of sternocleidomastoid?
The manubrium of the sternum and the clavicle.
What nerve(s) are related to the inferior thyroid arteries?
The recurrent laryngeal nerve crosses the inferior thyroid artery.
Name 3 functions of the larynx.
- Phonation.
- Cough reflex.
- Protection of the lower respiratory tract.
