6th (265-327 - end of GI) A Flashcards

1
Q

What vertebral level is the inferior mesenteric artery found at?

A

L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name 3 characteristic features of the large intestine that allow it to be distinguished from other abdominal organs.

A
  1. Haustrations.
  2. Tenia coli.
  3. Appendices epiploicae.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are appendices epiploicae?

A

Small pouches of peritoneum filled with fat. They mark where blood vessels enter the bowel to supply the mucosa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are tenia coli?

A

3 strips of longitudinally running muscle on the outer surface of the large intestine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are haustrations?

A

Sacculations produced from where the tenia coli contract to shorten the wall of the bowel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does the hind gut begin and end?

A

Distal 1/3 of the transverse colon to the anal canal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the importance of the marginal artery of Drummond?

A

If there is an occlusion to the IMA, blood can still be supplied to the large intestine via the SMA through this artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give 4 locations where the distal end of the appendix may lie.

A
  1. In the pouch of Douglas.
  2. Behind the caecum.
  3. Behind the umbilicus.
  4. Below the liver.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What structure(s) lie anterior to the liver?

A

The rib cage and the anterior abdominal wall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What structure(s) lie posterior to the liver?

A

Oesophagus, stomach, gall bladder, first part of duodenum. (All are foregut derived organs).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What aspects of the liver does the visceral surface refer to?

A

The posterior inferior aspects. It is moulded by the shape of surrounding organs and so is irregular.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the coronary and triangular ligaments?

A

They attach the superior surface of the diaphragm to the liver.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What structures bind the Caudate lobe and where is it located?

A

The IVC and a fossa produced by the ligamentum venosum. It is located on the upper aspect of the right lobe on the visceral surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What structures bind the Quadrate lobe and where is it located?

A

The gall bladder and a fossa produced by the ligamentum teres. It is located on the lower aspect of the right lobe on the visceral surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the storage capacity of the gall bladder?

A

30-50ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the orifice called where bile empties into the duodenum?

A

Major duodenal papilla

17
Q

What artery supplies blood to the gall bladder?

A

Cystic artery

18
Q

What is the arrangement anterior to posterior of the ducts, artery and portal vein at the porta hepatis?

A

Anterior: common bile duct, hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein (DAV)

19
Q

Where is the bare area of the liver?

A

Under the tendinous part of the right hemi-diaphragm. This area has no peritoneal covering.

20
Q

What is the surface marking for the gall bladder?

A

The tip of the 9th costal cartilage. Where the lateral rectus sheath joins the costal margin.

21
Q

Where do the hepatic veins drain?

A

Into the IVC

22
Q

What are the 3 major branches of the Coeliac trunk?

A

The left gastric, the splenic and the common hepatic.

23
Q

What branches does the splenic artery give off?

A
  • The short gastric arteries.
  • The pancreatic arteries.
  • The left gastroepiploic artery.
  • 5 branches just before it reaches the Spleen.
24
Q

Name the 2 branches of the common hepatic artery.

A
  1. Proper hepatic artery.

2. Gastroduodenal artery.

25
Q

Name the 2 branches of the Gastroduodenal artery.

A
  1. Right gastroepiploic artery (supplies greater curvature of the stomach).
  2. Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (supplies head of pancreas).
26
Q

What is a branch of the right hepatic artery?

A

The cystic artery (supplies the gall bladder).

27
Q

Where in the duodenum are ulcers most likely? And which artery would they affect?

A

Most likely in the superior duodenum (1st part). If the ulcers erode through the posterior wall they may effect the gastroduodenal artery and cause haemorrhage.

28
Q

What does the descending portion of the Duodenum lie posteriorly and anteriorly to?

A

Posteriorly to transverse colon. Anteriorly to the right kidney.

29
Q

What does the tail of the pancreas lie in close proximity to?

A

The hilum of the spleen.

30
Q

What is the inferior pancraticoduodenal artery a branch of?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

31
Q

What is the blood supply to the rest of the pancreas?

A

Pancreatic branches of the splenic artery.

32
Q

What is the venous drainage of the pancreas?

A

The head drains into the SMV (drains into hepatic portal vein). the pancreatic veins drain the rest of the pancreas (these drain into the splenic vein).

33
Q

What ligaments of the greater omentum connect the spleen to the stomach and kidney?

A

Gastrosplenic and Splenorenal.

34
Q

How far away is the major duodenal papilla from the pylorus of the stomach?

A

5cm

35
Q

How far away is the major duodenal papilla from the pylorus of the stomach?

A

It marks the junction between the foregut and the midgut.