6th (265-327 - end of GI) A Flashcards
What vertebral level is the inferior mesenteric artery found at?
L3
Name 3 characteristic features of the large intestine that allow it to be distinguished from other abdominal organs.
- Haustrations.
- Tenia coli.
- Appendices epiploicae.
What are appendices epiploicae?
Small pouches of peritoneum filled with fat. They mark where blood vessels enter the bowel to supply the mucosa.
What are tenia coli?
3 strips of longitudinally running muscle on the outer surface of the large intestine.
What are haustrations?
Sacculations produced from where the tenia coli contract to shorten the wall of the bowel.
Where does the hind gut begin and end?
Distal 1/3 of the transverse colon to the anal canal.
What is the importance of the marginal artery of Drummond?
If there is an occlusion to the IMA, blood can still be supplied to the large intestine via the SMA through this artery.
Give 4 locations where the distal end of the appendix may lie.
- In the pouch of Douglas.
- Behind the caecum.
- Behind the umbilicus.
- Below the liver.
What structure(s) lie anterior to the liver?
The rib cage and the anterior abdominal wall.
What structure(s) lie posterior to the liver?
Oesophagus, stomach, gall bladder, first part of duodenum. (All are foregut derived organs).
What aspects of the liver does the visceral surface refer to?
The posterior inferior aspects. It is moulded by the shape of surrounding organs and so is irregular.
What is the function of the coronary and triangular ligaments?
They attach the superior surface of the diaphragm to the liver.
What structures bind the Caudate lobe and where is it located?
The IVC and a fossa produced by the ligamentum venosum. It is located on the upper aspect of the right lobe on the visceral surface.
What structures bind the Quadrate lobe and where is it located?
The gall bladder and a fossa produced by the ligamentum teres. It is located on the lower aspect of the right lobe on the visceral surface.
What is the storage capacity of the gall bladder?
30-50ml