7th 328-377 neuro A Flashcards
What are sulci?
Grooves/depressions between gyri.
What sulcus separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobe?
The lateral sulcus (sylvian fissure).
Define insula.
A portion of cerebral cortex folded deep in the lateral sulcus; forms the floor of the lateral sulcus.
What is the function of Broca’s area?
Language production.
Within what lobe is Wernicke’s area located?
The dominant (usually left) temporal lobe.
What is the function of Wernicke’s area?
It is involved in the comprehension of written and spoken language.
What are the functions of the frontal lobes?
Motor function, problem solving, judgement, personality, social and sexual behaviour.
Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located?
In the post-central gyrus of the parietal lobe.
What are the functions of the parietal lobes?
SOMATOSENSORY function. The dominant lobe is involved in perception, interpretation of sensory information, language and mathematical operations. The non dominant lobe has visiospatial functions.
What are the motor and sensory homunculi?
Proportional somatotopical representations of how much of the cortex innervates certain body parts.
How many horns does the lateral ventricle have and what are they called?
3 horns.
Anterior, posterior and inferior.
What is the foramen between the lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle called?
The foramen of Munro.
What is the foramen between the 3rd and 4th ventricle called?
The cerebral aqueduct.
What are the foramen called that connect the 4th ventricle to the subarachnoid space?
The foramina of luschka (lateral) and the foramen of magendie (medial).
Where is choroid plexus located?
Along the choroid fissure of the lateral ventricle and in the roof of the 3rd and 4th ventricle.
Where is choroid plexus located?
Along the choroid fissure of the lateral ventricle and in the roof of the 3rd and 4th ventricle.
What are the 4 anatomical divisions of the corpus callosum?
- Rostrum.
- Genu.
- Body.
- Splenium.
Which anatomical division of the corpus callosum lies most posteriorly?
Splenium
What gyrus lies immediately above the corpus callosum?
The cingulate gyrus.
What structure forms the roof of the lateral ventricles?
Corpus callosum
What are commissural fibres?
Fibres linking similar functional areas of the two hemispheres together e.g. the corpus callosum is composed of commissural fibres.
What structure divides the midbrain into dorsal and ventral parts?
The cerebral aqueduct.
What forms the dorsal midbrain?
Tectum
What is the tectum of the midbrain composed of?
The inferior and superior colliculi.
What forms the ventral midbrain?
The cerebral peduncle.
What is the cerebral peduncle of the midbrain composed of?
A dorsal tegmentum and a ventral crus cerebri.
What structure divides the tegmentum from the crus cerebri?
The substantia nigra.
What are the crus cerebri?
White matter bundles emerging from the cerebral hemispheres.
What is the attachment between the midbrain and cerebellum called?
The superior cerebellar peduncles.
What is the function of the pineal gland?
Melatonin synthesis
What is the midline sulcus on the ventral surface of the pons called?
The basilar sulcus (where the basilar artery lies).
What is the sulcus called that forms the caudal border of the pons?
Bulbopontine sulcus
What is the medullary striae?
Ponto-cerebellar fibres that divide the floor of the 4th ventricle into a rostral pontine half and a caudal medullary half.
What are the midline fissures of the medulla called?
- The anterior median fissure (ventral).
- The posterior median fissure (dorsal).
What lies lateral to the posterior median sulcus?
The gracile tubercle (dorsal column nuclei that participate in the sensation of fine touch and proprioception of the lower body).
What lies lateral to the gracile tubercle?
The cuneate tubercle (dorsal column nuclei that participate in the sensation of fine touch and proprioception of the upper body).
