Fourth 50 A

Question 1

How would you draw the transpyloric plane?

Answer 1

Half way between the suprasternal notch and the pubic symphysis.

Question 2

What vertebral level is the transpyloric plane found?

Answer 2

L1

Question 3

Name 5 structures found on the transpyloric plane.

Answer 3

1. Pylorus of stomach.
2. Fundus of gall bladder.
3. Pancreas.
4. Hilum of Kidneys.
5. Duodenojejunal flexure.

Question 4

What vertebral level is the transtubercular plane found at?

Answer 4

L4. (Same level as the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta).

Question 5

What is the intercristal plane?

Answer 5

It joins the highest points of the pelvis at the back.

Question 6

What vertebral level is the intercristal plane found at? Why is this important?

Answer 6

Between the L4 and L5 vertebrae. This is important for lumbar punctures and epidurals.

Question 7

What is the subcostal plane and at what vertebral level does it lie?

Answer 7

It joins the lower points of the costal margins and lies at the L2 level.

Question 8

What can the subcostal plane (L2) be a marker for?

Answer 8

• The end of the spinal cord.

- The superior mesenteric artery.

Question 9

What is the origin of external oblique?

Answer 9

Lower 8 ribs and thoraco-lumbar fascia.

Question 10

What is the insertion of external oblique?

Answer 10

Pubic crest, pubic tubercle, iliac crest and linea alba.

Question 11

What is the origin of internal oblique?

Answer 11

Thoraco-lumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral 1/2 of the inguinal ligament.

Question 12

What is the insertion of internal oblique?

Answer 12

Linea alba, pubic tubercle.

Question 13

What is the origin of transversus abdominis?

Answer 13

Thoraco-lumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral 1/3 of the inguinal ligament.

Question 14

What is the insertion of transversus abdominis?

Answer 14

Linea alba, pubic tubercle.

Question 15

What are the attachments of rectus abdominis?

Answer 15

Rectus sheath, pubis, costal cartilages.

Question 16

What is the internal thoracic artery a branch of? And what does it supply?

Answer 16

It is a branch of the subclavian artery and it supplies the anterior chest and abdominal wall and also the breasts.

Question 17

What are the dermatomes of the abdominal wall?

Answer 17

T7 to L1.

Question 18

What is the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 18

A potential space between the visceral and parietal peritoneum. It is filled with peritoneal fluid.

Question 19

What is a retroperitoneal organ?

Answer 19

An organ that only has it’s anterior surface covered by peritoneum. These organs lie behind the peritoneum.

Question 20

What connects the lesser sac to the greater sac?

Answer 20

The epiploic foramen.

Question 21

What is found in the right free border of the lesser omentum?

Answer 21

• Common bile duct.
• Hepatic artery.
• Hepatic portal vein.

Question 22

What is it called when the peritoneal cavity becomes distended by fluid?

Answer 22

Ascites

Question 23

With a patient in a supine (lying down) position, where might fluid collect in the abdomen?

Answer 23

Right retrohepatic space

Question 24

What lies in the free border of the lesser omentum?

Answer 24

The hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein and common bile duct.

Question 25

What structures lie posteriorly to the stomach?

Answer 25

Pancreas, diaphragm, splenic artery and vein.