Fourth 50 A Flashcards
How would you draw the transpyloric plane?
Half way between the suprasternal notch and the pubic symphysis.
What vertebral level is the transpyloric plane found?
L1
Name 5 structures found on the transpyloric plane.
- Pylorus of stomach.
- Fundus of gall bladder.
- Pancreas.
- Hilum of Kidneys.
- Duodenojejunal flexure.
What vertebral level is the transtubercular plane found at?
L4. (Same level as the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta).
What is the intercristal plane?
It joins the highest points of the pelvis at the back.
What vertebral level is the intercristal plane found at? Why is this important?
Between the L4 and L5 vertebrae. This is important for lumbar punctures and epidurals.
What is the subcostal plane and at what vertebral level does it lie?
It joins the lower points of the costal margins and lies at the L2 level.
What can the subcostal plane (L2) be a marker for?
- The end of the spinal cord.
- The superior mesenteric artery.
What is the origin of external oblique?
Lower 8 ribs and thoraco-lumbar fascia.
What is the insertion of external oblique?
Pubic crest, pubic tubercle, iliac crest and linea alba.
What is the origin of internal oblique?
Thoraco-lumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral 1/2 of the inguinal ligament.
What is the insertion of internal oblique?
Linea alba, pubic tubercle.
What is the origin of transversus abdominis?
Thoraco-lumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral 1/3 of the inguinal ligament.
What is the insertion of transversus abdominis?
Linea alba, pubic tubercle.
What are the attachments of rectus abdominis?
Rectus sheath, pubis, costal cartilages.
What is the internal thoracic artery a branch of? And what does it supply?
It is a branch of the subclavian artery and it supplies the anterior chest and abdominal wall and also the breasts.
What are the dermatomes of the abdominal wall?
T7 to L1.
What is the peritoneal cavity?
A potential space between the visceral and parietal peritoneum. It is filled with peritoneal fluid.
What is a retroperitoneal organ?
An organ that only has it’s anterior surface covered by peritoneum. These organs lie behind the peritoneum.
What connects the lesser sac to the greater sac?
The epiploic foramen.
What is found in the right free border of the lesser omentum?
- Common bile duct.
- Hepatic artery.
- Hepatic portal vein.
What is it called when the peritoneal cavity becomes distended by fluid?
Ascites
With a patient in a supine (lying down) position, where might fluid collect in the abdomen?
Right retrohepatic space
What lies in the free border of the lesser omentum?
The hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein and common bile duct.
What structures lie posteriorly to the stomach?
Pancreas, diaphragm, splenic artery and vein.
