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SOC 100 > SE 12-14 > Flashcards

SE 12-14 Flashcards

1
Q

Why StudwCulturé?

Culture is a powerful social force
-leads to f__________y and comfort in social
interaction or division and “otherness”
Key to understanding social behaviour and
how we r____e to each other

A

Why StudwCulturé?

Culture is a powerful social force
-leads to familiarity and comfort in social
interaction or division and “otherness”
Key to understanding social behaviour and
how we relate to each other

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2
Q
  • languages
  • symbols
  • discourses
A
  • languages
  • symbols
  • discourses
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3
Q
  • beliefs
  • norms
  • world views
  • folkways
A
  • beliefs
  • norms
  • world views
  • folkways
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4
Q
  • art
  • music
  • ideas
  • ideologies
A
  • art
  • music
  • ideas
  • ideologies
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5
Q
  • texts
  • knowledge
  • values
  • attitudes
A
  • texts
  • knowledge
  • values
  • attitudes
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6
Q

Language

-reflects priorities, history and spirit of a
culture
includes slang, argot, euphemisms

A

Language

-reflects p________s, history and spirit of a
culture
includes slang, a____t, euphemisms

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7
Q

Language

-also includes non-v____l communication
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
-language influences c_______n
e.g., mailman; fireman; anchorman

A

Language

-also includes non-verbal communication
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
-language influences cognition
e.g., mailman; fireman; anchorman

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8
Q

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

A

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

a hypothesis, first advanced by Edward Sapir in 1929 and subsequently developed by Benjamin Whorf, that the structure of a language determines a native speaker’s perception and categorization of experience.

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9
Q

Values
•r________n of what is considered good, desirable
•reflected in our n____s and sanctions

A

Values
•reflection of what is considered good, desirable
•reflected in our norms and sanctions

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10
Q 
sanctions: r\_\_\_\_\_s & p\_\_\_\_\_\_\_s for conduct 
Values
e.g., health 
-laws against smoking 
-nutrition labelling 
-child fitness tax incentives
A

sanctions: rewards & penalties for conduct

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11
Q

Canadian-Values

Freedom/democracy
Multiculturalism/diversity

A

Canadian-Values

Freedom/democracy
Multiculturalism/diversity

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12
Q

Canadian-Values

Helping others
Equality & fairness

A

Canadian-Values

Helping others
Equality & fairness

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13
Q

Canadian-Values

Commitment to peace and non-violence
Respect for nature

A

Canadian-Values

Commitment to peace and non-violence
Respect for nature

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14
Q

Nroms

-established standards of behaviour maintained by a society

F____I_Norms: laws; professional certification requirements

I______l_Norms: give up bus seat to elderly person or
pregnant woman

A

Nroms

-established standards of behaviour maintained by a society

FormaI_Norms: laws; professional certification requirements

Informal_Norms: give up bus seat to elderly person or
pregnant woman

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15
Q

Nroms

T____s: vehemently prohibited behaviour: incest

M___s: reflect our most cherished principles: child
labour laws

F______s: govern everyday (polite) behaviour: don’t
interrupt

A

Nroms

Taboos: vehemently prohibited behaviour: incest

Mores: reflect our most cherished principles: child
labour laws

Folkways: govern everyday (polite) behaviour: don’t
interrupt

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16
Q

Discourse

-refers to the way we conceptualize and talk
about an issue
e.g., i__________t discourse versus c________t
discourse:

A

Discourse

-refers to the way we conceptualize and talk
about an issue
e.g., individualist discourse versus collectivist
discourse:

17
Q

Discourse

addiction as illness or as social problem
-the influence of discourse:
social constructions
r________l device: e.g., neoliberal discourse

A

Discourse

addiction as illness or as social problem
-the influence of discourse:
social constructions
rhetorical device: e.g., neoliberal discourse

18
Q

Neoliberal Discoursé

Neoliberalism: current political philosophy;
emphasizes privatization, deregulation, reduction
of welfare state through reduction in programs
and lowering of taxes

Examples of neoliberal discourse: 
•'from poverty to perversity' 
•tragedy of the commons 
•individual responsibility
A

Neoliberal Discoursé

Neoliberalism: current political philosophy;
emphasizes privatization, deregulation, reduction
of welfare state through reduction in programs
and lowering of taxes

Examples of neoliberal discourse: 
•'from poverty to perversity' 
•tragedy of the commons 
•individual responsibility
19
Q

structure

-refers to the enduring p______s of social
relations and social institutions through
which society is organized
-political and economic s______s
-p______s of relationships constituting
families, schools and healthcare

A

structure

-refers to the enduring patterns of social
relations and social institutions through
which society is organized
-political and economic systems
-patterns of relationships constituting
families, schools and healthcare

20
Q

Culture-versus-Str-uetu-re

Structure: occupational s_________n by gender
Culture: b_____f that men are better at certain
jobs or that women are better suited for
certain tasks
e.g., male principals; female primary
school teachers

A

Culture-versus-Str-uetu-re

Structure: occupational segregation by gender
Culture: belief that men are better at certain
jobs or that women are better suited for
certain tasks
e.g., male principals; female primary
school teachers

21
Q

Dimensions of CUlture

  1. P______l
    e.g., Western culture, metropolitan
    Toronto
  2. S____l
    e. g., age, gender, ethnicity, social class
  3. T______l
    i. e., culture evolves
A

Dimensions of CUlture

  1. Physical
    e.g., Western culture, metropolitan
    Toronto
  2. Social
    e. g., age, gender, ethnicity, social class
  3. Temporal
    i. e., culture evolves
22
Q

Dimensions - ont’d

Cultural b________s are often difficult to delineate
within c______l groupings
borrowing happens all the time
constant development of new features and
characteristics

more similarities than differences
impacted by g____l economy and growing
global community

A

Dimensions - ont’d

Cultural boundaries are often difficult to delineate 
within cultural groupings 
borrowing happens all the time 
constant development of new features and 
characteristics 
more similarities than differences 
impacted by global economy and growing 
global community
23
Q

Concepts in Cultural-Studies

g________n : increased flow of goods, services and
information beyond state boundaries

A

Concepts in Cultural-Studies

globalization : increased flow of goods, services and
information beyond state boundaries

24
Q

Concepts in Cultural-Studies

c_____- __g: non-material culture struggles to keep up
with material culture
cultural imperialism: global dominance of American
culture

A

Concepts in Cultural-Studies

cultural lag: non-material culture struggles to keep up
with material culture
cultural imperialism: global dominance of American
culture

25
Q

Theoretical Perspectives

Functionalism 
Conflict Theory 
Marxist 
Neo-Marxist 
Symbolic Interactionism 
Cultural P\_\_\_\_\_\_\_n Perspective
A

Theoretical Perspectives

Functionalism 
Conflict Theory 
Marxist 
Neo-Marxist 
Symbolic Interactionism 
Cultural Production Perspective
26
Q

Cultural Functionalism

Social structure gives rise to cultural e______s; culture
reflects the needs of society

e.g., we value multiculturalism because we need to
increase our population through immigration and
not-enough people of British or French stock want
to immigrate here
D______m: emphasized integrative ability of culture
e.g., religion in culture

A

Cultural Functionalism

Social structure gives rise to cultural elements; culture
reflects the needs of society
e.g., we value multiculturalism because we need to
increase our population through immigration and
not-enough people of British or French stock want
to immigrate here
Durkheim: emphasized integrative ability of culture
e.g., religion in culture

27
Q

Conflict Theory&Cultufe

a) Marxist:
culture determined by p_______l-e______c structure
e.g., c_______m requires that we are
generous towards those in need because
capitalism is responsible for inequalities

A

Conflict Theory&Cultufe

a) Marxist:
culture determined by political-economic structure
e.g., capitalism requires that we are
generous towards those in need because
capitalism is responsible for inequalities

28
Q

Conflict Theory & Culture-

b)
Neo-Marxist:
culture also determined by dominant i_______y
promoted by bourgeoisie
e.g., through pop-culture and the American
media
H_______y_: belief that inequality and domination
by elites is natural and inevitable

A

Conflict Theory & Culture-

b)
Neo-Marxist:
culture also determined by dominant ideology
promoted by bourgeoisie
e.g., through pop-culture and the American
media
Hegemony_: belief that inequality and domination
by elites is natural and inevitable

29
Q

Symbolic Interactionisrn

Culture is not a product of social or political
s________e, but is a product of creative individual
members of society

Dramaturgical perspective (Erving Goffman): 
like actors, we perform a role based on cultural script in 
our interactions with others
A

Symbolic Interactionisrn

Culture is not a product of social or political
structure, but is a product of creative individual
members of society
Dramaturgical perspective (Erving Goffman):
like actors, we perform a role based on cultural script in
our interactions with others

30
Q

Symbolic Interactionisrn

D\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_l perspective (E\_\_\_\_g G\_\_\_\_\_n): 
like actors, we perform a role based on cultural s\_\_\_\_\_t in 
our interactions with others
A

Symbolic Interactionisrn

Dramaturgical perspective (Erving Goffman): 
like actors, we perform a role based on cultural script in 
our interactions with others
31
Q

Cultural Production Perspective

The “production of culture” perspective ________ the
“mirror” or “reflection” view of culture held by
neo-Marxists and functionalists

These theorists examine cultural products that are
explicitly and ____________y produced
Culture is said to be a p______t of social action just
as non-cultural products are

A

Cultural Production Perspective

The “production of culture” perspective rejects the
“mirror” or “reflection” view of culture held by
neo-Marxists and functionalists
These theorists examine cultural products that are
explicitly and intentionally produced
Culture is said to be a product of social action just
as non-cultural products are

32
Q

Cultural Production—m
Perspective-cont’d

To understand the origin of culture, need to identify:
1. all the factors involved in m______l cultural
production
2. how culture is taught, distributed and e______d

  1. resources and c_______s specific actors were
    working with and how that influenced their work
A

Cultural Production—m
Perspective-cont’d

To understand the origin of culture, need to identify:
1. all the factors involved in material cultural
production
2. how culture is taught, distributed and evaluated

  1. resources and constraints specific actors were
    working with and how that influenced their work

SOC 100 (10 decks)

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