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1 B > SDS 131R: vobac > Flashcards

SDS 131R: vobac Flashcards

1
Q

Political Ideologies

A

a set of beliefs that forms the basis of how an individual, a group, or a social class views the world and the proper role of government

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2
Q

3 components of political ideologies

A

descriptive, motivational, passionate belief

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3
Q

scientific revolution

A
  • Scientific discovery, empirical study, shift away from religious teachings
  • Shift away from religious teachings
  • A shift toward empirical study
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4
Q

Reformation

A
  • sale of indulgences
  • Catholic church and monarchy reinforce each other
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5
Q

Liberty

A
  • focuses on the rights of individuals and the specific roles of the state
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6
Q

constitutionalism

A

a compound of ideas, attitudes, and patterns of behaviour elaborating

the principle that the authority of government derives from and is limited by a body of fundamental law

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7
Q

equality vs equity

A
  • equality: state of being equal
  • equity: giving people what they need
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8
Q

ascribed vs achieved status

A
  • ascribed: social status of a person that is assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily later in life
  • achieved: social position that a person can acquire on the basis of merit and is earned or chosen
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9
Q

night watchman state

A
  • to maintain order
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10
Q

state of nature

A

before social contract, before settled agriculture

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11
Q

laws of nature

A
  • given by god
  • intrinsic values that govern their reasoning and behavior
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12
Q

Locke’s conception of property

A
  • state of nature there are communal lands
  • make a property by attaching labour power to goods
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13
Q

3 types of limitations to property

A

labour limitation, spoilage limitation, sufficiency limitation

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14
Q

labour limitation

A
  • labour power can be owned (women and slaves)
  • limits to physical body
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15
Q

spoilage limitation

A
  • goes against god, we shouldn’t let things spoil
  • says ok for economic inequality
  • perfectly fine to accumulate wealth
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16
Q

sufficiency limitation

A
  • goes against laws of nature, people must have equality of opportunity
  • justifies colonialism with reasons of gods
  • exchanging is fine
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17
Q

express vs tacit consent

A

express: a man’s consent to make himselfsubject to the laws of government
Tacit: consent is given by a man when he owns land, or even merely resides, within the boundaries of a state

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18
Q

capitalism

A

an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit

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19
Q

comparative advantage

A

promotes that you are good at as a country and sell it another in a open global marketplace, don’t allow for monopolies

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20
Q

enlightenment

A

freedom of thought

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21
Q

tutelage

A

being told what to think

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22
Q

social contract

A
  • agreement between individuals and government
  • 3 key social contract theorists: hobbs, locke, rousseau
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23
Q

negative vs positive liberty

A

negative: freedom from interference by others
positive: ability to fulfill one’s purposes

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24
Q

the “good life”

A

a life that is self-satisfying and self-fulfilling

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25
Q

social justice

A

Creating egalitarian society or institution based on principles of equality and solidarity, that understand values human rights and recognize the dignity of every human being

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26
Q

harm principle

A

harm is physical harm

27
Q

tyranny of the majority

A

a situation in which a group of people are treated unfairly because their situation is different from the situation of most of the people in a democratic country.

28
Q

living wage

A

amount of money that covers basic living costs

29
Q

welfare state

A

industrial capitalist society in which state power was deliberately used in an effort to modify the play of market forces

30
Q

equality of opportunity

A

the idea that people ought to be able to compete on equal terms, or on a “level playing field,” for advantaged offices and positions

31
Q

rights-based liberlsim

A

which political and social arrangements can embody recognition of individuals equally as agents is to treat those individuals equally as bearers of rights.

32
Q

utility based liberalism

A
33
Q

golden age of controlled capitalism

A
  • more widespread policies
  • welfare state
34
Q

Bretton woods institution

A
  • IMF, WB, WTO
  • rooted in reform liberalism
  • switched to neoliberalism
35
Q

Britain as the “workshop of the world”

A
  • linked to colonialism
36
Q

Keynesian welfare state

A
  • defining welfare state
  • minimum income
  • regulating capitalism
37
Q

3 types of welfare state activities

A
  • provision of minimum income
  • provision for the reduction of economic insecurity, resulting from such “contingencies” as sickness, old age, and unemployment
  • provision to all members of society of a range of social services
38
Q

privatization

A
  • governmental agencies
  • public enterprises
39
Q

deregulation

A

reduction or elimination of government power in a particular industry, usually enacted to create more competition within the industry

40
Q

IMF, WB, WTO

A

IMF: International Monetary Fund
WB: world bank
WTO: the world trade organization

41
Q

meritocracy

A

a system, organization, or society in which people earn their position

42
Q

globalization

A

the process by which people and goods move easily across borders.

43
Q

libertarianism

A
  • advocates for individual liberty esp freedom to thought and action
  • want minimal government
  • want more freedom
44
Q

free rider problem

A
  • human nature to be free rider
45
Q

rational utility maximizer

A
  • people who form groups
  • people acting in group-oriented ways to benefit from it
  • ex. study groups
46
Q

entitlement theory

A

being able to keep what you earn
ex. no public transporttion

47
Q

non-aggression principle

A
  • negative liberty
48
Q

self-ownership

A

emphasize individualism

49
Q

hierarchy of help model

A

the self, family, community, then government

50
Q

dialectical approach

A

thesis the central arguments, anthesis is the counter-arguments, something new approaches from this

51
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

business owners

52
Q

proletariate

A

worker

53
Q

Petite bourgeoisie

A

small business owner

54
Q

Lumpenproletariat

A
  • outside of the capitalistic system
  • making money outside of the capitalistic system
  • aka “dregs”
  • ex. drug dealers, sex workers
55
Q

Means of production

A

means of labour are the materials, tools and other instruments used by workers to make products

56
Q

surplus value

A
  • profits
  • The surplus produced over and above what is required to survive
57
Q

reserve army of labour

A

group of people who move in and out of employment

58
Q

class consciousness

A

awareness of common class position

59
Q

false consciouness

A

being told what to believe

60
Q

4 types of alienation

A

alienation of product, process, from others, species being

61
Q

intelligentsia

A

people who give you the blueprint, those who analyze, marx

62
Q

emancipation

A

Political emancipation vs human emancipation

63
Q

economic determinism

A

claims that society is based upon an economic system in which the various agents of social control are determined by the economic mode of production

64
Q

immiseration of the proletariat

A
  • has stalled the violent uprising
  • expects too much from the proletariat

1 B (8 decks)

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