Key words: socwk 300 Flashcards
1
Q
Welfare state
A
- form government in which state assumes primary responsibility
- supports well being by providing range of social services: healthcare, education, unemployment benefits, pensions
- funded through taxation
- aims to reduce economic inequality and provide a safety net
2
Q
three models of social welfare
A
- Liberal model
- Conservative/corporatist model
- social-democratic model
3
Q
Universal vs selective program
A
Universal:
- provides benefits or services to all individuals or households
- goal is inclusivity and equality
- funded through general taxation
Selective Program:
- targets benefits or services to specific individuals
- aims to address inequality and maximize efficiency by focusing on those most in need
4
Q
Marsh report
A
- officially titled “report on social security for Canada”
- authored by british economist leonard marsh
- outlines vision for comprehensive welfare state in canada, advocating universal care, unemployment insurance, family allowances, public pensions
- addresses economic insecurity and inequality through social programs
- influenced canada’s post-war social safety net
-creation of medicare and other welfare programs
5
Q
Polanyi’s “Double Movement”
A
- dynamic in capitalist societies
- market expansion: push for free markets to dominate society, deregulating trade, labor, and land to maximize economic efficiency.
- social protection: sheild itself from disruptive effects of unregulated markets, advocating for regulations, welfare programs, and other protections
6
Q
Keynesian economics
A
- economic theory developed by john maynard keynes
- role og government intervention in stabilizing economy
- government spending; increasing public expenditures to stimulate demand
- fiscal policies: using tax cuts or direct investment to boost consumption and production
7
Q
CAP and CHST
A
- Canada assistance plan: cost sharing agreement between federal and provinces to fund social services (welfare, healthcare, housing assistance)
- Canada health and social transfer: aimed to replace CAP, combined federal funding for healthcare, post-secondary, and social services
8
Q
Market state
A
- state shifts from direct providing public goods and services to facilitating market mechanisms and partnerships with private entities
- enables economic competitiveness, deregulation,
9
Q
Equalization
A
- transfer programs designed to reduce fiscal disparities among provinces
- ensures provinces can provide public services at similar levels of taxation
- redistributed money to provinces with below-average allowing them to maintain services like healthcare and education
- provinces with stronger economies don’t receive payments but contribute to program indirectly through federal taxes
10
Q
Intersectionality
A
- introduced by kimberle crenshaw
-different social stratification intersect and create overlapping systems of disadvantages or privilege - individuals experience multiple, interconnected layers of oppression of privilege
- complexity of social identity and inequality
11
Q
Dual/two tiered welfare thesis
A
- suggests that welfare system perpetuate inequality by providing different level of support and services to different groups
- ## comprehensive social safety net available to certain groups such as middle class
12
Q
Social model of disability
A
- framework which views disability as result of interaction between individuals with impairment and societal barriers they face
- disability is no caused by individuals physical or mental condition but by social environment
- advocates removal of physical, social, attitudinal barriers to enable full participation in society
13
Q
Indian act
A
- first passed 1876
- governs relationship between canadian government and indigenous peoples
- dictating various aspects of their lives
- act grants federal government control over indigenous affairs
14
Q
Royal Proclamation of 1763
A
- issues by king george
- aimed to establish framework governing british norrth america (particularly indigenous lands)
- recognized indigenous peoples rights to their lands
- created new territories
15
Q
Jordan’s principle
A
- ensures first nations children have access to public services and products without delays or denials
- names after jordan river anderson
- government espnsible must cover the cost without delay
16
Q
Principle of less eligibility
A
- welfare benefits should be set lower than income that individual could earn through low-wage work
- discourage dependency on public assistance by making work seem more attractive
- people receiving welfare should have standard of living higher than that of working poor
- ensuring that incentive to work remains strong
17
Q
Proportional representation vs “first past the post”
A
PR:
- seats allocated to parties or candidates in proportions to number of votes they receive
- designed to reflect diversity of voter preferences
FPTP:
- “winner takes all”
- most votes in electoral district wins seat
- system favors larger parties
18
Q
poverty line in canada
A
- Low income measure after tax
- low income measure before tax
- market basket measure
19
Q
gini coefficient
A
- measure of income
- ranging from 0 to 1
- 0 represents perfect equality
- 1 indicates maximum inequality
- assessing level of economic disparity within places
20
Q
Racialization
A
- groups are categorized and treated as distinct based on perceived racial differences
- can lead to systemic discrimination, marginalization, and unequal access to resources and opportunities
21
Q
Race neutrality
A
- race should not influences decisions, policies, or social interactions
- assumes race should not factor into how people are treated
- critics argue race this overlooks or perpetuate systemic inequalities
22
Q
neoliberalism
A
23
Q
globalization and free trade
A
24
Q
Globalization and free trade
A
25
Q
harm reduction
A
26
Q
universal basic income
A
