SDL - Anterior Wall and Inguinal Region Flashcards
What is an aponeuorsis?
A flat tendinous structure that connects anterolateral abdominal wall muscles to the linea alba
What are the functions of the anterior abdominal wall muscles?
- Movement
- Increase intra-abdominal pressure
What is the nerve supply to the skin and muscle of the anterior abdominal wall?
Continuation of intercostal nerves (thorcoabdominal nerves), subcostal nerves, iliohypogastric nerves, ilioinguinal nerves
What dermatome lies at the level of the xiphisternum?
6
Which dermatome lies at the level of the umbilicus?
10
Which dermatome lies at the level of the pubic tubercle?
T12/L1
The membranous layer of superficial fascia on the anterior abdominal wall (Scarpa’s fascia) is continuous inferiorly with the membranous layer of superficial fascia of the perineum.
What is the name given to this fascia in the perineum?
Calle’s fascia
What direction do the fibres of the external oblique muscles run?
Downwards and forwards
What is the free inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis thickened to form?
The inguinal ligament
What is found superior to the pubic tubercle?
The superficial inguinal ring
What is the superficial inguinal ring?
A triangular ‘gap’ in the aponeurosis, through which the spermatic cord or round ligament of the uterus passes
What passes through the inguinal canal in men?
Spermatic cord
What passes through the inguinal canal in women?
Round ligament of uterus, attaching the uterus to the labia majora
How is the aponeurosis of external oblique arranged at this point? Which component of the spermatic cord is formed from this aponeurosis?
Forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal; external spermatic fascia
What direction do the internal oblique fibres run?
Downwards and backwards
Where do the fibres of the internal oblique originate?
Lateral third/two thirds of Inguinal ligament and iliac crest
Where does the inguinal ligament run?
From anterior iliac spine to pubic tubercle
How do the fibres of internal oblique relate to the inguinal ligament?
Form roof then posterior wall as conjoint tendon posterior to superficial inguinal ring.
In which direction do the fibres of transversus abdominis run?
Transversely
How do the fibres of transversus abdominis relate to the inguinal ligament?
Superior to the deep inguinal ring, roof and then posterior wall as conjoint tendon.
Where do fibres of transversus abdominis originate?
Internal surfaces of costal cartilages of ribs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest, iliopectineal arch
Where do fibres of transversus abdominis insert?
Linea alba, aponeurosis of internal abdominal oblique muscle; pubic crest, pectinal line of pubis
What is the conjoint tendon?
Union of internal oblique and transversus abdominis
Where is the conjoint tendon?
Posterior to superficial inguinal ring