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Yr 2 - GI & Metabolism > Duodenum, Pancreas, Spleen - Anatomy > Flashcards

Duodenum, Pancreas, Spleen - Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 parts of the duodenum?

A
  1. Superior
  2. Descending
  3. Horizontal/inferior
  4. Ascending
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2
Q

What is the ascending part of the duodenum held in place by?

A

Ligament of treitz

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3
Q

What is the ligament of treitz used surgically for?

A

To differentiate between duodenum and ileum

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4
Q

Where does the head of the pancreas reside?

A

In the C-shape of the duodenum

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5
Q

What is the uncinate process an extension of?

A

Head of pancreas

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6
Q

What is posterior to the neck of the pancreas?

A

SMV and SMA –> emerge just deep to pancreas and pas anterior to 3rd part of duodenum

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7
Q

Where is the splenic artery found?

A

Superior aspect of pancreas

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8
Q

Where do structures enter and leave the liver?

A

Porta hepatis

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9
Q

What structures enter and leave the liver?

A
  1. Hepatic artery proper
  2. Common bile duct
  3. Hepatic portal vein
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10
Q

How is the common bile duct formed?

A

By hepatic duct (from liver) and cystic duct (from gall bladder)

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11
Q

What level is transverse mesocolon found?

A

At level of pancreas –> leaves posterior wall to surround TC

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12
Q

What ribs is the spleen closely related to?

A

9-11

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13
Q

What is function of spleen?

A

Identifying and removing destroyed or expended RBCs and platelets

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14
Q

What is the tail of the pancreas closely related to?

A

Hilum of spleen

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15
Q

What is the hilum of the spleen?

A

Where structures enter and leave the spleen (splenic artery, splenic vein)

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16
Q

How is the splenic artery easily identifiable?

A

Very tortuous along path (wiggly)

17
Q

Where is the splenic vein found?

A

Inferior aspect of pancreas

18
Q

What does the IMV join after draining hindgut? What does this then join?

A

IMV joins splenic vein, then joins SMV to form portal vein

19
Q

Describe superior and anterior edge of spleen compared to posterior and inferior?

A

Superior and anterior edge of spleen has a nodular surface in comparison to posterior and inferior edges (usually quite rounded)

20
Q

What are the surfaces of the spleen?

A
  1. Gastric
  2. Colic
  3. Renal
21
Q

Is the spleen intra or retroperitoneal?

A

Intraperitoneal (formed within dorsal mesentery)

22
Q

What does presence of spleen split dorsal mesentery into?

A

2 peritoneal ligaments:

  • Splenorenal / lienorenal ligament
  • Gastrosplenic ligament
23
Q

Where is the splenorenal/lienorenal ligament?

A

From spleen to kidney

24
Q

Where is the gastrosplenic ligament?

A

Between stomach and spleen

25
Q

Is the tail of the spleen intra or retroperitoneal? Why?

A

Intraperitoneal –> resides mainly within lienorenal ligament

26
Q

Is majority of pancreas intra or retroperitoneal?

A

Retroperitoneal (except tail)

27
Q

Where does the uncinate process loop in relation to the SM vessels?

A

Loops posterior to the SM vessels

28
Q

Is the duodenum intra or retroperitoneal?

A

Retroperitoneal (except 1st part)

29
Q

Why is 1st part of duodenum intraperitoneal?

A

Attached to liver by lesser omentum, specifically the hepatogastric ligament

30
Q

Where do secretions from the biliary system and pancreas enter GI tract?

A

2nd part of duodenum (also where we change from foregut to midgut)

31
Q

What does the major pancreatic duct meet?

A

Meets the common bile duct

32
Q

Where does the major pancreatic duct meet the common bile duct?

A

At the pancreatic ampulla / ampulla of Vater

33
Q

What is the ampulla of Vater controlled by?

A

Sphincter of Oddi

34
Q

What does the sphincter of Oddi control?

A

Controls flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) through ducts from the liver and pancreas into the duodenum (2nd part of duodenum)

35
Q

What is the major duodenal papilla? Where is it?

A

Raised area of mucosa at which secretions enter into the duodenum

2nd part of duodenum

36
Q

Where does the minor pancreatic duct empty into?

A

Into duodenum (at minor duodenal papilla)

Yr 2 - GI & Metabolism (51 decks)

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