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SCS Study Guide- Medical Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

what is total lung capacity

A

most air you can breath into your lungs

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2
Q

what is vital capacity

A

amount of air you can take advantages of and the volume of air breathed out after deepest inhalation

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3
Q

residual volume

A

air in lungs after a maximum expiration

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4
Q

tidal volume

A

amount of air moved in and out of lungs with normal breathing

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5
Q

expiratory reserve volume

A

max volume of air that can be exhaled from the end expiratory position

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6
Q

inspiratory reserve volume

A

max volume inhaled after end inspiratory level

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7
Q

FEV1

A

forced expiration volume at end of 1 second

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8
Q

FVC

A

vital capacity from max forced exhalation (most air that can be maximally exhale)

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9
Q

how do volumes and rates differ in restrictive vs obstructuve diseases

A

restrictive: decrease volume, normal rates
obstructive: volumes normal, rated impeded

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10
Q

what happens to FEV1/FVC in obstructive diseases

A

ratio is decreased

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11
Q

how do you treat exercise induced bronchospasms

A

10-15 min before, beta 2 agonist before the start

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12
Q

what can a treadmill challenge tell you about asthma

A

that after 6-8 min of treadmill at 85% HR, if FEV 1 drops over 10%

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13
Q

what is the presentation of someone with vocal cord dysfunction

A

airway blocked due to lack or motion or obstruction with vocal cords
neck extended, open mouth, look pf panic after race, whistling may happen but no wheezing. Usually calms after race

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14
Q

blister cause, exam and treatment

A

friction or rubbing and thremal injury
prevent and pad and DO NOT POP

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15
Q

hyperkeratosis and callus

A

toughened skin from rubbing, mostly harmless

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16
Q

what is a corn and how to treat it

A

callus of dead skin on dorsal side of foot, hard are dry and flat and soft are moist and between toes

OTC or MD referral

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17
Q

intertrigo or chafing

A

inflammation in skin folds, treat infection and prevent further friction

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18
Q

acne mechanica

A

trauma from rubbing of equipment which causes acne cysts to pop
pad and clean equipment

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19
Q

sublungal hematoma (nail bed injury)

A

drill if no fracture, brusing and blood under nail bed

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20
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial from direct contact, honey colored scabs, need antibiotics, topicals, fusidic acids

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21
Q

cellulitis

A

bacterial, group A strep, staph, red, warm, swelling and pain, and systemically ill
antibiotics

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22
Q

folliculitis

A

bacterial: staph damange to hair follicle from friction, red dots with white heads, need antibiotics

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23
Q

MRSA

A

bacterial
staph Aureus, red swelling, painful and spider bite, antibiotcs and surgical drainiage

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24
Q

furnicles/carbuncles/abbess

A

bacterial
pus that is contained, red, pain, warm, swelling, pus drainiage, needs incision and drainage

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25
paronychia
bacterial infection around nail bed, skin is red and hot, at nail, warm soak, antibiotics and drainage
26
hidradentitis supportive
bacterial pen to marble size lump under the skin, acne inversa, axilla and groin, painful, when they break open smell bad! need antibiotics and steroids
27
otitis externa
bacterial swimmers ear, and cleaning to dry as well
28
molluscum contagiosum
viral sharping equipment, contact, scratching pink colored bumps with dimpled center, and OTC salicyclic acid
29
herpes simplex
viral direct contact, red base and group vesicles oral antibiotics
30
herpes zoster
viral varicells infection chicken pox, vesicles by dermatomes, oral antivirals and analgesics
31
dermatophytosis
ring worm viral contact with infected, itching and scaly patches, all the tinea things! need topical or oral antifungals
32
tinae pedis
foot athletes
33
tinea capitis
head with hair loss
34
tinea cruris
groin or jock itch
35
tinea versicolor
hypopigmented of skin
36
tinea corporis RTP
72 hours topical and gas permeable membrane
37
tinea capitus RTP
2 weeks antifungal
38
herpes RTP
free of symptoms, no new lesions 72 hours, firm adherent crust, 120 antivirals, CANNOT COVER ACTIVE LESION
39
molluscum contagiosum
lesions removed, gas permeable membrane cover ok
40
furncles/carbuncles/folloculitis and impetigo and MRSA
no new lesions 48 hours, 72 hour antibiotic and no drainage (CANNOT COVER ACTIVE LESIONS)
41
mono
3-5 days prodrome, with fatigue, HA, malaise, lasts up to 4 weeks, 50-75% enlarged spleen RTP: 4 weeks rest, and feel normal and no fever
42
pneumonia
cough, fever, malaise, fatigue, SOB and cyanosis, chest x-ray antibiotics or hospital RTP no fever or cough
43
meningitis
bacterial (fatal if no treatment) and non-bacterial (aseptic) fever, stiff neck, HA, NV, diahhrea, photophobia, pharyngitis, and AMS vaccine, handwashing and prevention RTP with months of recovery
44
HTN
if 140/90 2+ occasions need EKG and possible echocardiogram need lifestyle modification and meds, and CANNOT PLAY IF THERE IS HYPERTROPHY NOTED
45
CAD
blockage of heart and plaque blocking flow, needs EKG and stress test and can contiue if mild
46
signs that may lead to valvular disease
new murmur hx of SOB, chest pain and cant keep up with activity
47
can you play with mild valvular disease
yes , moderate may prevent more strenuous activity
48
HCM
heart muscle is thick, systolic murmur that inc with Valsalva ECHO and MRI and may need implantable defibrillator, too risky to play (but maybe low intensity)
49
PVC
extra heartbeat, abnormal participate in less strenuous
50
ventricular tachy
SOB, cehst pain and syncope, more intense than PVC structural changes, no!
51
supraventric tachy
ventricles contract at rapid rate, can play with meds and no structural changes
52
wolf parkinson white
extra electrical pathway which causes a rapid heart rate can play if no structural changes, palpitations or tachy
53
A-fib
irregular heartbeat can play but not contact/collision if on anticoagulants
54
A flutter
fast heart rate, with supraventricular tachy can play (but not contact or collision of anti-coag)
55
long QT syndrome
rhythm disorder causing fast and erratic HR genetic/EKG/ECHO/MRI meds or implantable defribulator restricted to less strenuous activity
56
marfan's
CT issues, long limbs, hypermobile, pectus excavatum. aortic arch dilation, Echo, CT/MRI/ echo every 6 months, watch decrease in BP and enlargement of aorta NO COLLISION OR HIGH STRENUOUS (weight lifting)
57
elher's danlos
mutation, abnormal collagen, hypermobility, fragile skin and blood vessels, bruising, joint protection, organs can be involved too
58
commotio cordis
v-fib, trauma from repolarization (t wave)
59
sickle cell trait
normal RBS that are sickled, changes blood flow need genetic testing and blood work
60
when to stop an athlete playing with sickle cell
when athlete has cramping, fatigue or dyspnea with all out exertion or within 30 minutes,esp with heat, dehydration and fatigue/altitude
61
what is the most common type of arrhythmia preceding death
v-fib
62
dynamic effects of exercise on CV system
inc HR/SV/systolic BP, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, mean BP unchanged
63
static effects of exercise on CV system
inc perihperal vascular resistance, inc diastolic and mean BP, inc HR, SV, CO, inc myocardial O2, inc wall tension and contractility
64
ECG looks at
electrical efficiency of heart, patterns in HR
65
echocardiogram
internal structures and blood flow throughout structures
66
stress test (TM)
HR aility to respond to exercise stress
67
blood tests
look at K, Ca, Mg, thyroid, and presence for things with arrythmias.

SCS (26 decks)

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