Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 6 phases of picthing

A

windup, early cocking, late cocking, acceleration, deceleration and follow through

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2
Q

in what ranges of motion does that anterior UCL provide stability against valgus forces

A

20-120 degrees flexion

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3
Q

what creates stability below 20 degrees flexion or over 120 degrees flexion

A

bony structures, the olecranon

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4
Q

is teh ulnar nerve posterior or anterior to the ME

A

posterior

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5
Q

what is the most common direction for the ulnar nerve to sublux.?

A

anteriorly to the medial epicondyle

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6
Q

during throwing, where are tensile and compressive forces?

A

tensile medially and compressive laterally

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7
Q

at what ranges of motion are compressive forces in the lateral elbow greatest

A

110 to 20 degrees fleixon

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8
Q

during what phase of throwing is the highest extension and shear stress in the posterior capsule

A

deceleration

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9
Q

what phases do you get the most tensile and compressive forces of the elbow

A

late cocking and early acceleration

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10
Q

during which phase is the greatest strain on the anterior portion of the UCL

A

acceleration phase

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11
Q

where does the medial and ulnar nerve run

A

medial is through the pronator and radial is supinator

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12
Q

what two movements with resistance hurt the ME the most

A

flexion and pronation

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13
Q

which is worse for UCL pain, breaking pitches or fast/change up

A

breaking pitches

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14
Q

you may experience pain during late cocking and acceleration where?

A

medially

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15
Q

during deceleration, you may experience pain where

A

posteriorly

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16
Q

normal carrying angle in males and females

A

11 males 13 females

17
Q

what do firm end feels in flexion and extension mean

A

flexion osteophytes in coronoid
extension, osteo in olecranon

18
Q

in what ranges of motion can the UCL be palpated

A

50-70 degrees flexion

19
Q

what are the O and I of the UCL

A

O: medial epicondyle
I: sublime tubercle of the proximal medial ulna

20
Q

what is the test position for valgus testing

A

20-30 degrees elbow flexion in pronation to reduce false instability

21
Q

what is the difference in pain experienced with palpating medially and laterally on the olecranon

A

medially, possible UCL/VEO
laterally, olecranon stress fx

22
Q

what are the two test that sometimes need you to be under anesthesia to get results

A

the posterolateral rotary test and the lateral pivot shift test to see if radial head subluxes.

23
Q

what is the VEO test

A

valgus and prnation, with quick extension

24
Q

what is the milking and mod milking tests

A

for valgus,
milking is at 90 90 degrees and mod milking is taking from 90 degree flexion to 20 degree while pulling thumb to floor.

25
what are the options for UCL-R
palmaris longus gracilis plantaris
26
what is the possible difference in little league shoulder with medial, lateral and posterior elbow pain
posterior: osteophyte, apophysitis medial: ME apophysitis lateral: OCD capitellum