Elbow Flashcards
what are the 6 phases of picthing
windup, early cocking, late cocking, acceleration, deceleration and follow through
in what ranges of motion does that anterior UCL provide stability against valgus forces
20-120 degrees flexion
what creates stability below 20 degrees flexion or over 120 degrees flexion
bony structures, the olecranon
is teh ulnar nerve posterior or anterior to the ME
posterior
what is the most common direction for the ulnar nerve to sublux.?
anteriorly to the medial epicondyle
during throwing, where are tensile and compressive forces?
tensile medially and compressive laterally
at what ranges of motion are compressive forces in the lateral elbow greatest
110 to 20 degrees fleixon
during what phase of throwing is the highest extension and shear stress in the posterior capsule
deceleration
what phases do you get the most tensile and compressive forces of the elbow
late cocking and early acceleration
during which phase is the greatest strain on the anterior portion of the UCL
acceleration phase
where does the medial and ulnar nerve run
medial is through the pronator and radial is supinator
what two movements with resistance hurt the ME the most
flexion and pronation
which is worse for UCL pain, breaking pitches or fast/change up
breaking pitches
you may experience pain during late cocking and acceleration where?
medially
during deceleration, you may experience pain where
posteriorly
normal carrying angle in males and females
11 males 13 females
what do firm end feels in flexion and extension mean
flexion osteophytes in coronoid
extension, osteo in olecranon
in what ranges of motion can the UCL be palpated
50-70 degrees flexion
what are the O and I of the UCL
O: medial epicondyle
I: sublime tubercle of the proximal medial ulna
what is the test position for valgus testing
20-30 degrees elbow flexion in pronation to reduce false instability
what is the difference in pain experienced with palpating medially and laterally on the olecranon
medially, possible UCL/VEO
laterally, olecranon stress fx
what are the two test that sometimes need you to be under anesthesia to get results
the posterolateral rotary test and the lateral pivot shift test to see if radial head subluxes.
what is the VEO test
valgus and prnation, with quick extension
what is the milking and mod milking tests
for valgus,
milking is at 90 90 degrees and mod milking is taking from 90 degree flexion to 20 degree while pulling thumb to floor.
what are the options for UCL-R
palmaris longus
gracilis
plantaris
what is the possible difference in little league shoulder with medial, lateral and posterior elbow pain
posterior: osteophyte, apophysitis
medial: ME apophysitis
lateral: OCD capitellum
