Scrotal problems Flashcards
What are epididymal cysts
common cause of scrotal swellings seen in primary care.
features of epididymal cyst
separate from the body of the testicle
found posterior to the testicle
associated conditions with epididymal cysts
polycystic kidney disease
cystic fibrosis
von Hippel-Lindau syndrome
diagnosis of epididymal cyst
US
Mx of epididymal cyst
surgical removal
sclerotherapy
what is a hydrocele?
the accumulation of fluid within the tunica vaginalis.
what is a hydrocele divided into?
communicating and non-communicating:
what is a communicating hydrocele?
caused by patency of the processus vaginalis allowing peritoneal fluid to drain down into the scrotum
who are communicating hydroceles common in ?
newborn males
when do communicating hydroceles resolve?
first few months of life
what are non-communicating hydroceles?
by excessive fluid production within the tunica vaginalis
why may hydroceles develop
epididymo-orchitis
testicular torsion
testicular tumours
features of hydrocele
soft, non-tender swelling of the hemi-scrotum.
Usually anterior to and below the testicle
the swelling is confined to the scrotum, you can get ‘above’ the mass on examination
transilluminates with a pen torch
the testis may be difficult to palpate if the hydrocele is large
Ddx of hydrocele
clinical
US to confirm
Mx of hydrocele
infantile hydroceles tend to resolve but repair at 1-2 years
adults conservative - must exclude tumours
