scrotal lumps Flashcards
key causes of scrotal/testicular lumps
hydrocele varicocele epididymal cyst testicular cancer epididymo-orchitis inguinal hernia testicular torsion
hydrocele
collection of fluid within tunica vaginalis
hydrocele - presentation
painless soft scrotal swelling
hydrocele - OE
testicle palpable within hydrocele
soft + fluctuant
irreducible
transilluminated
hydrocele - causes
idiopathic
secondary to
- cancer
- torsion
- epididymo-orchitis
- trauma
hydrocele - Mx
exclude serious cause
conservative mx
surgery or aspiration if large or symptomatic
varicocele
veins in pampiniform plexus become swollen
varicocele - can cause
impaired fertility - disruption of temperature
testicular atrophy
pampiniform plexus
venous plexus found in spermatic cord
drains the testes
drains into testicular vein
role in regulating temperature of testicles
varicocele - why do they happen
increased resistance in testicular vein
incompetent valves allow blood from testicular vein to flow back into pampiniform plexus
where to testicular veins drain into
R –> IVC
L –> L renal vein
varicocele - which side most commonly affected
Left side
what can L sided varicocele infidicate
obstruction of the left testicular vein caused by a renal cell carcinoma
varicocele - presentation
throbbing/dull pain
worse standing
dragging sensation
sub-fertility or infertility
varicocele - OE
bag of worms scrotal mass
more prominent when standing
disappears when lying down
asymmetry between testicle size
