Scour in pigs Flashcards
List 4 diseases that can cause D+ in pre-weaning pigs (0-4weeks old)
Rotavirus
C.perfringes
Coccidiosis
E.coli
Lit the signs associated with watery scour
generally sickly-sweet smell
sticky, dirty skins
perineal staining
often yellow in colour
look for evidence on pen walls
associated with fading
List the signs associated with sloppy looseness
are straw beds harder to maintain
generally no smell
usually green, brown black
check carefully for signs of blood or mucus
List 3 diseases that can cause D+ in nursery (4-12 weeks) and finisher (12-25 weeks) pigs
salmonella
Ileitis (lawsonia intracellularis)
Brachyspira pilisicoli and hyodysenteriae
List 2 viruses that can underlie many pig diseases but can cause primary gut disease
PCV-2 and PRRS
Should you worry about watery scour in pigs
Generally always concerning
Production losses occur quickly
List 5 history questions to ask with watery scour
Are the pigs lethargic?
Are the pigs eating?
Are the pigs huddling more?
Are the pigs fading?
Prevalence
Should we worry about sloppy looseness in pigs
not always associated with morbidity
assess quality of affected animals
are affected pigs poorer animals??
Descrieb what is seen with Clostridia perfringens type C
Peracute necrotic haemorrhagic enteritis
Death before scour
Seen in First 24-48 hours of life
Spread in sows faeces or soil
Describe what is seen with Clostridia perfringens type A
low mortality high morbidity
pasty scour
tends to occur in first week
Which GI diseases that affect pre-weaning pigs have vaccines
Clostridia perfringens Type A
Clostridia perfringens Type C
Rotavirus
E.coli
Describe how to control salmonella in pigs
Vaccinate sow- reduce salmonella levels in sow
piglets get 2 vaccines- one at birth and one at weaning
What does Ileitis cause in pigs
Causes sloppy looseness and poor growth due to reduced absorption
what is seen with swine dysentery
Severe dysenteric colitis
Blood and mucus in sloppy faeces due to very severe damage to colon
Causes fading and poor growth
Feed Conversion Rate unsustainable
Very good at surviving outside of the pig
what causes swine dysentery
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
Describe signs seen with Brachyspira pilisicoli
milder signs than swine dysentery
Causes sloppy looseness and slow growth
Often present virtually sub-clinically / sporadically
how does swine dysentery spread
direct contact with contaminated faeces
moving pigs, vechicles and staff
Describe how to sample GI disease in pigs
faecal samples for everything
rectal swabs for E.coli/ salmonella culture, lawsonia intracellularis PCR, brachyspira PCR, Bracyspira culture
When performing PM on pig with GI signs what do you need to do ASAP
histological samples as gut samples start to degrade quickly
Describe how to treat E.coli and salmonella in pigs
Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines
Fluroquinolones
Describe how to treat Lawsonia and brachyspira sp in pigs
Macrolides
Pleuromutilins
Lincosamide
describe how to treat coccidiosis in pigs
Injectable – 24-96 hours of age
Oral – 3-5 days of age
Describe how to perform controlled exposure in pigs
Collect faecal material from farrowing crates- Brown paper is a good substrate
Place in sow and gilt pens 3-6 weeks pre-farrowing for them to chew- Cannot be put in feed or drinking water
excellent for rotavirus but makes clostridia and PRRS worse
Describe how to control E.coli and salmonella in weaning pigs
oral vaccines
crude protein levels key
water and feed acidification
pro and prebiotics
zinc oxide- about to come off market
Describe how to control Lawsonia, Brachyspira sp in post-weaning pigs
lawsonia vaccine
diet formulation
pro and prebiotics
zinc chelate
