Scientific Method PPT

Question 1

the systematic study of nature

Answer 1

science

Question 2

List the criteria of science.

Answer 2

limited to only what is observable,
must be testable in a repeatable way,
unbiased

Question 3

How do you study science?

Answer 3

the scientific method

Question 4

How many steps are there in the scientific method?

Answer 4

7

Question 5

What are the steps of the scientific method?

Answer 5

1. Observation
2. Hypothesis
3. Predictions
4. Testing
5. Revise and Repeat
6. Report Results
7. Draw Conclusions

Question 6

a tentative explanation of some regularity of nature; a testable answer based on your observations

Answer 6

hypothesis

Question 7

H₁

Answer 7

hypothesis

Question 8

allows statistical testing of the hypothesis; opposite of hypothesis

Answer 8

null hypothesis

Question 9

H₀

Answer 9

null hypothesis

Question 10

What are the two types of logic used to develop hypotheses?

Answer 10

inductive and deductive logic

Question 11

type of logic which uses specific observations to come up with a general conclusion

Answer 11

inductive logic

Question 12

The following is an example of which type of logic?
Every time I kick a ball into the air, I observe it come down.
(Therefore, anything that I kick into the air will come back down.)

Answer 12

inductive logic

Question 13

type of logic which uses accepted general principles to come to a specific conclusion

Answer 13

deductive logic

Question 14

The following is an example of which type of logic?
The law of gravity states that if something goes up, it must come down.
(Therefore, if you kick a ball into the air, it will come down.)

Answer 14

deductive logic

Question 15

a hypothesis that has been tested numerous times and remains consistent

Answer 15

theory

Question 16

Give an example of a theory.

Answer 16

gravitational theory
(still true after thousands of years)

Question 17

what you expect if your hypothesis is correct; usually an if… then statement

Answer 17

prediction

Question 18

How do you test predictions?

Answer 18

experiment

Question 19

In an experiment, you are trying to verify your ___?

Answer 19

hypothesis

Question 20

List three options for experimentation.

Answer 20

1. Systemic Observations
2. Modeling
3. Experiments

Question 21

All experiments are influenced by ___.

Answer 21

variables

Question 22

a specific aspect of an object that can differ; scientists measure and change them during an experiment

Answer 22

variables

Question 23

List the types of variables.

Answer 23

independent and dependent variables

Question 24

type of variable controlled/manipulated by the investigator

Answer 24

independent variable

Question 25

type of variable that is not controlled; gets changed as a result of the manipulation on the other variable; what you are measuring

Answer 25

dependent variable

Question 26

the predetermined way in which the scientist manipulates the independent variable

Answer 26

treatment

Question 27

a standard of comparison for the experimental group; identical to the experimental group except for one variable

Answer 27

control group

Question 28

Are the experimental group and control group tested the same way?

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

an essential part of experimentation; when other scientists evaluate the validity of the experiments

Answer 29

peer review

Question 30

the probability that the results of an experiment arose purely by chance

Answer 30

statistical significance