Science unit 1 test 10/19/16 Flashcards
What is an organism?
Any living things
What are the 6 characteristics of all living things?
cellular organization, use energy, respond to their surroundings, grow and develop, and reproduce and contains similar chemicals
What is a cell?
The basic unit of structure and function
What is a unicellular organism?
A single-celled organism
What chemicals are all living things made up of?
carbohydrates, proteins and lipids and nucleic acids
What is metabolism?
The process in which an organism builds up or breaks down material
What is a stimulus?
A change in an organisms environment that causes it to react
What is a response?
An action or a change in behavior
What is development?
the process of change that occurs during an organism’s life, producing a more complex organism
What is growth?
The process of becoming larger
What is the difference between growth and development?
Development is the process of change and growth is the process of becoming larger
What is asexual reproduction?
One parent that produces offspring that are identical to the parent
What is sexual reproduction?
Two parents combing their genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents
What is spontaneous generation?
The theory that living things can arise from non-living things
What is a controlled experiment?
An experiment where only one variable is changed
What are autotrophs?
Organisms that make their own foods
What are heterotrophs?
Organisms that cannot make their own food
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of stable internal conditions
What is classification?
The process of grouping things based on their similarities
What is taxonomy?
The scientific study of how organisms are classified
What is binomial nomenclature?
Grouping organisms based on their observable features and giving them a 2 part name, the first being the genus and the second being the specific epithet
What is a genus?
Classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms
What is a species?
A unique group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce
What are the orders of classification?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (does king phillip cook onion fried grape soup )
What is a taxonomic key?
A key that identifies different types of organisms
Why is a taxonomic key useful?
Because it helps identify different types of organisms
What are prokaryotes?
Unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus
What is a nucleus?
The dense area in the cell that contains nucleic acids and DNA
What are the 3 domains of life?
Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya
What is the domain bacteria?
Unicellular organisms that can be in your body and can be either autotrophs or heterotrophs
What is the domain archaea?
Deep in the pacific ocean, live in harsh conditions that are unicellular and can be either autotrophs or heterotrophs
What are Eukaryotes?
Organisms whose cells contain a nucleus
What are the types of Eukaryotes?
Protists, animals, plants and fungi
What are the types of prokaryotes?
Archaea and Bacteria
What are protists?
Organisms in the Eukarya domain who can be either unicellular or multicellular, or autotrophs and heterotrophs (both/both)
What are fungi?
Organisms that can be unicellular or multicellular and call are heterotrophs (both/heterotrophs)
What are plants?
Multicellular autotrophs and Eukaryotes (multi/auto)
What are animals?
Multicellular heterotrophs and Eukaryotes (multi/hetero)
What do living things need to survive?
Water, food, living space, maintenance of stable internal climates
Examples of animals
humans domestic animals and
Examples of fungi
Mushrooms, yeast, mildew and mold
Examples of plants
Green plants
Examples of protists
Algae
