Science - The Circulatory System Flashcards
What is the heart?
It is a pump that pushes blood around the body into arteries.
What is the heart made of?
Cardiac muscle that never tires.
How many times does the heart beat per minute?
70 bpm (approx)
What is the pathway of blood through the body?
from body - vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonery artery - lungs - pulmonery vein - left atrium - left ventricle - aorta - to body cells
Blood rich in what travels through the left side?
Oxygen (oxygenated).
Blood rich in what travels through the right side?
Carbon dioxide (deoxygenated).
What is the function of valves?
To prevent back flow of blood.
Which side of the heart is thicker?
The left, because it has to pump blood to the rest of the body, not just the lungs.
Name the three types of blood vessels.
Artery, vein, capillary.
What type of lumen and muscle wall does each have?
Artery - small lumen, thick muscle wall
Vein - large lumen, thin muscle wall (also valves)
Capillary - tiny lumen, tiny muscle wall
What do each do?
Artery - carry blood AWAY from the heart
Vein - carry blood TO the heart
Capillary - allows nutrients to pass into the cell and connect to arteries and veins.
What is blood made up of?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma.
Name two pieces of information about each.
RBC - smaller than white blood cells and have no nucleus (also carry oxygen and haemoglobin)
WBC - largest, kill bacteria by digesting them to create anti-bodies
Platelets - smallest, fragments of old cells (also clot blood)
Plasma - liquid part of blood, 90% water (also yellow coloured and carries nutrients, urea, CO2 and urea
What is raised body temperature?
Fever.
Illness causes what?
A change in body temperature.
