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Year 9 WCC Exam Revision > Science - Electricity > Flashcards

Science - Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

Charge of a Proton

A

Positive

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2
Q

Charge of a Neutron

A

Neutral

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3
Q

Charge of an electron

A

Negative

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4
Q

Function of a motor

A

Converts electrical energy to kinetic energy

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5
Q

Function of a generator

A

Converts kinetic energy into electrical energy

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6
Q

Function of a lightbulb

A

Converts electrical energy into light

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7
Q

Function of a Voltmeter

A

Measures the potential difference (voltage) across an energy user. Connected in parallel.

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8
Q

Function of a Ammeter

A

Measures the rate of electron flow (Amperes) at a certain point in an electrical circuit. Connected in series.

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9
Q

Function of an Ohmmeter

A

Measures the resistance of a certain component, connected in parallel

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10
Q

Meaning of brown wire in household wiring

A

Carries current to the component (Active)

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11
Q

Meaning of blue wire in household wiring

A

Carries current away from the component (Neutral)

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12
Q

Meaning of green and yellow wire in household wiring

A

Current only flows through this wire when there’s a leakage of current (Earth/Ground)

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13
Q

Fuse

A

Single use device with wires that melt at high temperatures, breaking the circuit. Used to prevent electrical fires.

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14
Q

Circuit breaker

A

Reusable device that reduces the risk of house fires by breaking the circuit when high current is detected.

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15
Q

Safety switch

A

Detects leaking current or an electrical fault and immediately turns off the electricity, reducing the chance of electric shock

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16
Q

Current electricity

A

The flow of electrons in a circuit

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17
Q

Static electricity

A

The build-up of electrons on a surface

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18
Q

Current

A

The flow of electrons in a circuit. Measured in Amperes (A)

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19
Q

Voltage

A

The difference in charge between two points. Measured in Volts (V)

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20
Q

Resistance

A

A material’s opposition to current. Measured in Ohms (Ω)

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21
Q

Voltage of standard electrical outlets in Australia

A

220V - 240V

22
Q

Rules to determine the resistance of a wire

A

2 x Length = 2 x Resistance

2 x Thickness = 1/2 x Resistance

23
Q

Circuit

A

A path on which electrons travel and deliver their energy

24
Q

Batteries and power points are examples of ______

A

Energy Sources

25
Q

A light bulb’s brightness is determined by _____

A

Both Voltage and Current

26
Q

In a parallel circuit, if one energy user breaks or is removed, the circuit _______

A

Is still functional for the other users

27
Q

In a series circuit, of one energy user breaks or is removed, the circuit _______

A

Breaks for all users

28
Q

Current in a series circuit

A

Remains the same at all points

29
Q

Voltage in a series circuit is what?

A

Is shared among the components

30
Q

Total resistance in a series circuit

A

Is the sum of all the individual resistances of components in the circuit

31
Q

Series circuit

A

When there’s only one possible path for the electrons to flow through

32
Q

Parallel circuit

A

When there are multiple paths for electrons to flow

33
Q

Total current in a parallel circuit

A

Current in a parallel circuit is calculated by adding the currents of the individual branches together

34
Q

Ohms law

A 
V=IR
I=V/R
R=V/I
V = Voltage
I = Current
R = Resistance
35
Q

Current of one branch in a parallel circuit

A

Calculated the same as a series circuit (I=V/R)

36
Q

Voltage in a parallel circuit

A

All branches get the same, full voltage

37
Q

Total resistance of a parallel circuit

A

Cannot be determined by just adding up all the individual resistances (We dont need to know this)

38
Q

Advantages of parallel circuits over series circuits

A
  • All branches receive the same voltage
  • Each branch can be controlled individually
  • One broken branch still allows for other branches to function
39
Q

An electric current produces a __________

A

Magnetic field

40
Q

Solenoid

A

A coil of wire with electricity flowing through it that produces a magnetic field

41
Q

A complete circuit requires _____

A

A power source and a load (energy user)

42
Q

Magnetic metals

A
  • Cobalt
  • Iron
  • Nickel
43
Q

Good conductors of electricity

A
  • Metal

* Water

44
Q

Bad conductors of electricity

A

• Basically anything but metal and water

45
Q

Turbine

A

A generator that produces electrical energy by spinning an axle that turns a copper coil between two permanent magnets. This causes electricity to be produced due to electromagnetism.

46
Q

Differences between an electromagnet and a permanent magnet

A
  • Electromagnets can be turned on and off by turning the power source on and off, while a permanent magnet is permanent
  • Electromagnets can change their strength based on the amount of electric current allowed to flow into them.
  • Direction of magnetic field can be reversed by flipping direction of current
47
Q

Possible safety considerations of an electrical experiment

A
  • Ensure no water is nearby the experiment as water could be spilt which would short the circuit
  • Ensure not to use mains electricity as mains electricity is dangerous and could cause electric shock or electrocution
48
Q

DC Electricity

A

Electricity where the current flows in only one direction

49
Q

AC Electricity

A

Where electric current regularly (50 times a second in Australia) reverses its direction of flow

50
Q

Transformer

A

A device that increases or decreases the amount of voltage of Alternating Current

51
Q

Resistor

A

A device that adds resistance to a circuit

52
Q

First aid to someone who is electrocuted

A
  1. Turn off the power using something insulated (e.g. broom)

2. DRSABCD

Year 9 WCC Exam Revision (14 decks)

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