Science - Chemistry

Question 1

Characteristics of Metals

Answer 1

• Malleable
• Ductile
• Lustrous
• Good conductor of heat
• Good conductor of electricity

Question 2

Characteristics of Non-Metals

Answer 2

• Brittle
• Dull
• Poor conductor of heat
• Poor conductor of electricity

Question 3

Characteristics of Metalloids

Answer 3

• Brittle
• Lustrous
• Semiconductors of electricity

Question 4

An element is a:

Answer 4

A substance that is made of only one type of atom

Question 5

A compound is a:

Answer 5

A substance that is made of two or more different elements bonded together

Question 6

An atom is a:

Answer 6

The smallest part of an element

Question 7

A molecule is a:

Answer 7

Two or more atoms bonded together

Question 8

A lattice is a:

Answer 8

An ongoing repeating pattern of atoms bonded together

Question 9

A mixture is:

Answer 9

Two or more elements that are not bonded together, can be seperated

Question 10

A solution is a:

Answer 10

A solute dissolved in a solvent (e.g. salt(solute) dissolved in water(solvent))

Question 11

An alloy is:

Answer 11

A metal mixed with another substance

Question 12

The big number before a chemical formula means:

Answer 12

The quantity of that molecule

Question 13

Physical change

Answer 13

When the molecules don’t change and the bonds do not break. No new molecules are formed.

Question 14

Chemical change

Answer 14

When the molecules have their bond broken and may reform with other atoms, forming new substances. The atoms are rearranged.

Question 15

A proton has a charge of

Answer 15

+1

Question 16

A neutron has a charge of

Answer 16

0 (neutral)

Question 17

An electron has a charge of

Answer 17

-1

Question 18

A proton has a relative mass of

Answer 18

1

Question 19

A neutron has a relative mass of

Answer 19

1

Question 20

An electron has a relative mass of

Answer 20

(negligible),0

Question 21

Which particles make up the nucleus

Answer 21

Protons and Neutrons

Question 22

Which particles make up the shells

Answer 22

Electrons

Question 23

The atomic number is the _____ number on the periodic table

Answer 23

Numerically smaller

Question 24

The Atomic mass is the ____ number on the periodic table

Answer 24

Numerically larger

Question 25

How do you find the number of Protons an element has？

Answer 25

You look at the atomic number

Question 26

How do you find the amount of neutrons an element has?

Answer 26

You take the atomic mass and subtract the atomic number from it

Question 27

How do you find the amount of electrons an element has?

Answer 27

For an atom, its the same as the protons

Question 28

Why do some atomic symbols use letters that don't match up with their names?

Answer 28

Because the symbols are derived from other languages

Question 29

Where are metals located on the periodic table?

Answer 29

Left of the dividing line

Question 30

Where are non-metals located on the periodic table?

Answer 30

Right of the dividing line

Question 31

Where are the metalloids located on the periodic table?

Answer 31

On either side of the dividing line

Question 32

A group on the periodic table is a:

Answer 32

Column

Question 33

A period on the periodic table is a:

Answer 33

Row

Question 34

What is an isotope?

Answer 34

An atom with extra, less, or the same neutrons than normal

Question 35

An isotype is written as:

Answer 35

(Element name)-(atomic mass)(eg carbon-15)

Question 36

Unstable atoms emit ____ and ____ over time

Answer 36

Radiation and decay

Question 37

Changing the amount of electrons an atom has results in a differed ____

Answer 37

Ion

Question 38

Capacity of the first 4 electron shells:

Answer 38

2,8,8,18

Question 39

Valence electrons are electrons in the ______

Answer 39

Outermost/Valence shell

Question 40

The Valence shell is the _____shell

Answer 40

Outermost

Question 41

How do you write an electron configuration

Answer 41

(Shell 1),(Shell 2),(Shell 3)(etc...)

Question 42

How do you find the charge of an ion using the periodic table

Answer 42

Count how many electrons it needs to lose/gain to achieve a full valence shell.

Question 43

A cation

Answer 43

A positively charged Ion

Question 44

An anion

Answer 44

A negatively charged ion

Question 45

How to write the chemical formula for an ion

Answer 45

(Element name)+⁽ᶜʰᵃʳᵍᵉ⁾

Question 46

What's the difference between an atom and an ion?

Answer 46

An atom has a neutral charge while an ion doesn't.

Question 47

An ionic bond is formed between _____

Answer 47

A metal and a non-metal

Question 48

How is an ionic bond formed

Answer 48

When an atom transfers electrons to another atom to gain a full outer shell

Question 49

How to find the amounts of atoms in an ionic bond

Answer 49

Count how many of each atom is required to make an overall neutral charge

Question 50

How to name an ionic compound

Answer 50

(Metal)+(non-metal)-ide

Question 51

A covalent bond is formed between __________

Answer 51

Two or more non-metals

Question 52

How does a covalent bond work?

Answer 52

The atoms “share” electrons to create full valence shells

Question 53

What are three differences between covalent and ionic bonds

Answer 53

* An ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons while a covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons * An ionic bond is between a metal and a non-metal while a covalent bond is between two non-metals * An Ionic bond creates ions while a covalent bond doesn’t

Question 54

What is a polyatomic ion

Answer 54

When a covalently bonded molecule creates an ionic bond with another atom to achieve a full valence shell

Question 55

What is metallic bonding

Answer 55

Where atoms of the same metal element lose their outer electrons to make a sea of delocalised electrons

Question 56

Why are metals good conductors of electricity?

Answer 56

Because the electrons are no longer bound, they can be forced to move, creating a current.

Question 57

Why are metals Malleable and Ductile?

Answer 57

The free moving electrons can slide when pressure is applied.

Question 58

Where Alkali metals are located?

Answer 58

In the Leftmost group (group 1) of the Periodic table

Question 59

Where are Alkali Earth Metals located?

Answer 59

In the second leftmost Group (group 2) on the periodic table

Question 60

Where are the Halogens located?

Answer 60

In the second rightmost group (group 17) of the periodic table

Question 61

Where are the noble gasses located?

Answer 61

In the very rightmost group (group 18) on the periodic table

Question 62

Which groups are the most reactive and why

Answer 62

Alkali metals, Alkali earth metals and Halogens. They are the most reactive because they are so close to having a full valence shell

Question 63

Which group doesn’t react and why

Answer 63

Noble gasses because they already have a full valence shell