History - Industrial Revolution

Question 1

Causes of the industrial revolution

Answer 1

• Raw materials that were produced from colonies across the British empire as well as overseas colonies being a great market to profit from
• Practices called the agricultural revolution began in Britain, increasing their population and improving their farming and manufacturing methods
• Britain had large coal supplies
• Land got rented to wealthy people. During 1790s, 3/4 of the farming land was owned by wealthy people.
• More automated machines were being produced. These only needed to be MAINTAINED by people.
• Stable governments allowed for a sense of stability and encouraged the growth of businesses
• A sense of individual freedom which allowed people to try new things and take risks

Question 2

Living conditions for the aristocracy (beginning)

Answer 2

They made up 1% of the population
Noble gentlemen did not involve themselves in farming
Controlled 39% of Britain’s wealth
Invested their wealth in land

Question 3

Living conditions for the middle-class (end)

Answer 3

Homes on the outskirts of the city
Many middle-class aspired to join the upper class
Middle-class women enjoyed shopping
Middle-class boys went to grammar school

Question 4

Living conditions for the working class (Beginning of Industrial Revolution)

Answer 4

• Lived nearer to factories, slum locations.
• Poor sanitation
• House fires were common due to little/no fire regulations
• No sewage

Question 5

Living conditions for the working class (end)

Answer 5

• Sewage
• New uncluttered urban settlements replaced slums
• New underground rail lines allowed people to live further from their work
• Skyscrapers allowed for denser living in city centres.
• Street lighting allowed leisure activities later in the day and at night

Question 6

Purpose of the telegraph

Answer 6

• Provided a form of instant communication
• Allowed for messages to be sent long distances without a need to transport a letter physically
• Allowed for people in Europe, America and Australia to communicate instantly

Question 7

Impact of the telegraph on the modern world

Answer 7

• The telegraph became the telephone

Question 8

Short-term consequences of the industrial revolution

Answer 8

• Chartism
• Improvement in living standards
• Child labour laws
• Friendly societies
• Trade unions

Question 9

Purpose of the water frame

Answer 9

To spin eight threads at once to make yarn, powered by a water wheel

Question 10

Long-term consequences of the industrial revolution

Answer 10

• Population growth
• Air pollution
• Water pollution
• Deforestation
• New inventions

Question 11

Chartism

Answer 11

A British working-class movement for political reform that took place in the 1830s. They introduced a “People’s charter” that called for a range of reforms to make the current political system more democratic.

Question 12

Trade unions

Answer 12

• A group of workers in one industry that banded together to argue for more working rights
• They threatened strikes if their demands weren’t met

Question 13

Friendly societies

Answer 13

• Workers would pay a subscription to friendly societies that would provide them with a pension during illness or old age

Question 14

Living conditions for the aristocracy (end)

Answer 14

Led lives in large manors and stately homes
Possessed lots of land, wealth and political influence
During 1800s members of the aristocracy dominated all levels of Government