Science Chapter 7 Flashcards
Ace Science
What is Vitamin A good for
Vitamin A is needed to help your eyes to work well, so that your vision is good. It is important for helping us to see when it is quite dark.It also helps your white blood cells to fight pathogens
What food contains vitamin A
fish,carrots,vegetables,milk and fruits
What is Vitamin C good for
helps the skin stay strong and to heal quickly if it is damaged. It keeps blood vessels and bones healthy.
What is scurvy
An illness when a person does not have enough Vitamin C. Symptoms includes feeling weak and may have swollen and bleeding gums
What food contains vitamin C
fresh fruit, vegetables, Potatoes and colourful berries
What is Vitamin D good for
strong bones and teeth, it helps the body absorb calcium from the food you consume.
How is Vitamin D made
Vitamin D is made in the skin when sunlight falls into it
What are the 2 important minerals
Calcium and Iron
What is Calcium good for
Making Bones and Teeth Strong
What contains calcium
Milk
What is Iron good for
Iron is needed to make haemoglobin
What happens when your body lacks iron
Not enough oxygen is transported around the body, illness called anaemia, makes a persson feel very tired
What contains Iron
Meat, vegetables, fish ,nuts and seeds
What is water good for
Water in cells allows all the different chemicals inside them to dissolve, so they can react together. These reactions keep us alive
Water in blood allows it to flow easily, transporting substances all over the body.
What is a balanced diet?
A diet that provides all the different kinds of nutrients and the right amount of energy
What nutrients do young people need?
Young people who are still growing need a lot of protein to make new cells, and carbohydrate to give them plenty of energy
Little bit of fat to give them energy and make the membranes on the new cells
What happens when you eat Fibre
When you eat fibre, your body does not digest it, so it just travels all the way through your digestive system and leave as faeces.
What is fibre good for
Keeping the digestive system healthy, It helps to prevent constipation
Which food you should not eat too much
Too much sugar- can make your teeth decay and increase the risk of developing diabetes
Too much fat,oil or carbohydrate-can make you put on weight.Can put strain on your joints,heart and other body organs.
What is an embryo
a little ball of cells
Describe development in terms of human body
From single cell to an adult human. As the tiny embryo grows into a baby, all its different tissues and organs are formed.As the baby grows into a child, its leg muscles and bones become stronger , so that it can walk and then run. Its brain develops as it learns to talk and to play with toys
What does nicotine do
Nicotine appears in tobacco, it can help someone stay alert
It damages the blood vessels in a smoker’s body, makes them get narrower and harder for blood to get through them.
What is Tar and what does it do
Tar is sticky substances the appears in a tobacco. It can increase the risk of getting many different kinds of cancer, including lung cancer
What is carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas. It combines with haemoglobin inside red blood cells when it gets into the body. Which stops haemoglobin from doing it job, which is to transport oxygen.
Thus smokers do not have enough energy
What are Particulates
materials in a tobacco that get trapped inside the smoker’s lungs and makes the wall of the alveoli break down.
What is an exoskeleton
skeletons on outside of Insects body
What are joints
Two bones that meet one another to make movement
What are hinge joints
Joints that let the bones move back and forth in one direction
Some joints let the bones move in a complete circle, at these joints, one of the bones has an end shaped like a ball. The other bone has a cup or socket that the ball fits into. What is this called?
ball-and-socket joints
What are used to move bones at joints?
Muscles
What does contraction mean
When Specialised cells that make up the muscles make themselves shorter
Give examples of Joints
elbow,planar and pivot
Give examples of hinge joints
Elbow,Knee
Many of our muscles are attached to bones, these are attached by___
Tendons(Tough cords)
What happens when you bend your arm at the elbow/ bending the elbow joint
- Your brain sends an electrical impulse along a neurone to your biceps muscle
- The cells in the biceps muscle respond to this electrical impulse by contracting,making the whole muscle get shorter and the tricep relaxes
3.When it gets shorter, they are pulled together.
Describe the process when straightening the elbow joint
When triceps contracts and gets shorter, this pulls the biceps muscle straight
Can muscles pull?
Yes
can muscles push?
No
What do you call two muscles that work together?
Antagonistic muscles
What do antagonistic muscles do?
When one of them contracts, it moves the bones at a joint in one direction, when the other muscle contracts, it moves the bones in the other direction.
Give an example of antagonistic muscles
Biceps muscle and triceps muscle:
To bend the arm, the biceps contracts and triceps relaxes
To straighten the arm, the triceps contracts and the biceps relax, pulling the biceps muscle
What would happen if our body have no skeleton?
No support and would flop
How many bones are there in the body
206
What is the primary function of your skeletal system
support the shape of your body and protect your organs
What is endoskeleton and exoskeleton
Endoskeleton is the skeleton inside our body and enxoskeleton is the skeleton outside our body
What are the functions of our skeletal system
1) Holds the whole body together and gives it a shape
2)Skeleton protects many delicate internal organs of the body from outside damage
3)Skeleton provides numerous points for the attachments of muscles in the body
Give an example of skeletal system and its function skeletal system also helps in the movement of body parts and locomotion
The cranium:
Protects the brain when heading a football
The bones store minerals like potassium which aids muscle contraction. Thus keeping the skin healthy and helps to maintain normal blood pressure
Good posture allows movements such as kicking to be efficient and prevents backache
Range of movement when kicking a ball
Some bones in the skeleton produce red blood cells which carry oxygen to the muscles during physical activity
Can Bones bend?
No.
What object is a hinge joint like?
Door hinge
