All Science Experiments

Question 1

What is an independent variable

Answer 1

The variable you change

Question 2

What is a dependent variable

Answer 2

The variable you measure

Question 3

What is a control vawriable

Answer 3

The variable you keep the same

Question 4

How to do the speed experiment

Aim: To calculate speed

Answer 4

Apparatus:
stopwatch,ramp,toy car,box,tape,box

Method:
1. Use tape to mark where you were release the toy car

2. Release the toy car and start your stop watch to measure the time taken for the car to travel
3. Stop the watch and record the results
4. Repeat the experiment by using ramp at different ranges of height.
5. Measure time taken and distance

Independant variables: car/distance
Dependant variables: speed

Question 5

How to do the pressure and depths in liquids experiment

Aim: observe the effect of pressure increasing with depth in water

Answer 5

Apparatus:
1 litre empty plastic Bottle
Adhesive tape
Sharp object
Large tray or sink Method

1. Make three small holes at the side of the bottle at different heights with the sharp object
2. Use the adhesive tape to cover all the holes
3. Place the bottle in the tray or sink
4. Fill the bottle with water, but do not put on the cap

5.Pull off the adhesive tape to open the holes

Question 6

How to do the dispersion experiment

Answer 6

Apparatus:

Ray box
Triangular glass prism
Piece of white paper or card to use as screen

Method:

1.Adjust the positions of the ray box and the screen until you see colours of the rainbow on the screen

2.Move the screen closer to the prism

3.Mov eths creen further away from the prism

Question 7

Experiment: Light and Reflection

Answer 7

Apparatus:
Ray box
Mirror
Protractor
White paper
Pencil

Method:

1)Place the plan mirror vertically at one side of the white paper

2) Mark the position of the normal line.

3) Place the ray box to direct the ray of light onto the mirror

4) Use a pencil and a protractor to mark the incident ray angle and reflected ray angle

Safety precaution: Do not touch the Light bulb
Conclusion: The agle of incident ray is the same angle as the angle of reflected ray against the mirror

Question 8

How to do the dissolving an mass solution

Aim: to measure the volume and mass after the solute dissolves in the solvent

Answer 8

Apparatus:
Top pan balance
filter paper
salt
stirring rod
beaker of water

Method:
1)Place the filter paper on the top pan balance. Measure and record its mass

2. add a measured amount of the salt
3. Remove the paper and salt from the balance
4. Place a beaker containing a measured amount of water on the top pan balance.
5. Add the salt to the water. Stir until all the salt has dissolved. Measure the mass of the beaker and salt solution

Question 9

Experiment:
Chromatography

Answer 9

Method:
1.get yourself a chromatography paper
2. Get a glass of water
3.get a pencil
4.collect drops of the ___ substance
5. draw a pencil line at the bottom of the chromatography paper
6.Leave a tiny drop of the substance on the pencil line and wait for it to dry
7.Hang the paper over a pencil and above the glass cup of water
8.Let the water of glass cup slightly touch just the area of paper below the pencil line
9. Once the water slowly starts to go up, the ___ substance will start to dissolve with the water along it’s way up
10. Finally,different chemicals and elements will be seperated along the chromatography paper

Question 10

Experiment: Force

Aim: to measure force and distance moved

Answer 10

Apparatus:

Metre rule
Force Meter
Weight Block
Record Stand

Method:

1.Use the Record stand to hold a meter rule

2. Hang a 200g of load on a spring balance and carefully lift it up to a height of 40cm.Record the reading in the table

3.Repeat step 1 by lifting the load to the height of 80cm

4. Hook a trolley onto the spring balance and steadily pull it through a distance of 50cm.Record the reading in the table
5. Repeat step 3 by pulling the trolley through the distance of 100cm

6.Calculate the work done (force x distance)

Question 11

Pea Experiment

Answer 11

Apparatus and materials:
Thermometer
Cotton wool
Flask
Insulating material
Dead Peas
Live,Germinating Peas

1) Set up the apparatus by setting up two flask

2. Put the same amount of dead peas in one flask and the same amount of live germinating peas in another flask

3.Wrap the insulating material around the outside of the flasks

4.Put cotton at the entrance of both flasks

5.Stick the thermometer into both flasks

6.Measure the temperature inside each flask and record it

7. Continue to Measure the temperature every hour or during school days to record the change in temperature.

Question 12

Experiment: Showing a magnetic field pattern

Aim: to investigate the pattern of a magnetic field

Answer 12

Apparatus:bar magnet, piece of A4 paper,piece of thick card, iron filings

Method:

1)cut a hole in the middle of the thick card,just large enough to put the bar magnet in.

2) Put the bar magnet into the hole so it lies flat in the card. The card is to support the paper and keep the paper level

3) Put the paper on top of the card so the magnet is under the middle of paper

4) gently and evenly sprinkle the iron filings over the paper. Tap the paper gently to allow the iron filings to move position

Safety: be careful not to get the iron filings on your skin. They can get stuck in your skin.Be careful not to get iron filings on the magnet. They are difficult to remove and other people will get iron filings on their skin