SCIENCE 1.4

Question 1

Is referred to as the digestive system or alimentary canal; specializes in breaking down food for absorption and distribution to the rest of the body.

Answer 1

Gastrointestinal system

Question 2

absorbs the digested nutrients

Answer 2

Blood vessels

Question 3

organs of the digestive system?

Answer 3

Salivary Glands 
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
mouth
pharynx
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
rectum
anus

Question 4

secretes saliva, which contains enzymes that initiate breakdown of carbohydrates

Answer 4

salivary glands

Question 5

produces bile which emulsifies fat

Answer 5

liver

Question 6

stores bile and introduces it into the small intestine

Answer 6

gallbladder

Question 7

produces and secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the small intestine; produces insuline

Answer 7

pancreas

Question 8

pushes food to the stomach

Answer 8

esophagus

Question 9

secreats acid and enzymes; mixes food with secretions to begin enzymatic digestion of proteins

Answer 9

stomach

Question 10

mixes food with bile and pancreatic juice; final enzymatic breakdown of food molecules; main site of nutrient absorption

Answer 10

small intestine

Question 11

absorbs water and electorates to form feces

Answer 11

large intestine

Question 12

regulates elimination of feces

Answer 12

rectum

Question 13

process of digestion

Answer 13

1. mouth
2. saliva breaks down starch and lipids
3. swallowed and passes through the pharynx
4. esophagus
5. stomach
6. small intestine which receives pancreatic secrets and bile from the gall bladder.
7. passed to the liver
8. large intestine or colon
9. rectum/ anus

Question 14

Enzymes of the mouth

Answer 14

salivary amylase, salivary lipase

Question 15

enzymes of the stomach

Answer 15

gastric lipase, pepsin, HCI

Question 16

hormones of the stomach

Answer 16

Gastrin, Ghrelin

Question 17

enzymes of the liver

Answer 17

Bile (which is stored in the gall bladder)

Question 18

enzymes of the pancreas

Answer 18

biocarbonate, lipase, trypsin, proteases and amylase

Question 19

hormones of the pancreas

Answer 19

secretin, somatostain, insulin, glucagon

Question 20

enzymes of the small intestine

Answer 20

proteases, lactase, disaccharidases

Question 21

hormones of the small intestine

Answer 21

cholecystokinin, somatostatin, secretin, motilin

Question 22

initiates chemical digestion of starch and lipids

Answer 22

amylase and lipase (enzymes of the saliva)

Question 23

what closes to the tracheal opening when swallowing?

Answer 23

epiglottis

Question 24

prevents reflux of food back into the esophagus

Answer 24

gastric sphincter

Question 25

enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach

Answer 25

pepsin

Question 26

three main secretions of the stomach

Answer 26

1. Pepsinogen (chief cells)
2. mucus (goblet cells)
3. hydrochloric acid (parietal cells)

Question 27

the first part of the small intestine that produces the “brush border” enzymes

Answer 27

duodenum

Question 28

enzyme that helps neutralize acid chyme (broken down products of the stomach)

Answer 28

alkaline bile juices from the gall bladder

Question 29

what absorbs the digested nutrients

Answer 29

villi and microvilli

Question 30

blood carrying nutrients passes to the liver through what duct

Answer 30

hepatic portal duct

Question 31

what to liver enzymes do?

Answer 31

deaminate amino acids, convert ammonia into urea, metabolize consumed toxins and store glucose as glycogen

Question 32

what vitamin is absorbed throught the large intestine?

Answer 32

Vitamin K

Question 33

This hormone introduces hunger

Answer 33

ghrelin

Question 34

hormone that causes the sensation of satiety

Answer 34

leptin

Question 35

hormone that induces cellular uptake of glucose

Answer 35

insulin

Question 36

hormone that stimulates breakdown of stored glycogen

Answer 36

glucagon