Science 1.1 Flashcards
Produces powerful enzymes that aid in digestion and excretion of substances and worn out organelles
Lysosomes
Organelle that processes and repackages proteins produced in rough ER for release at cell membrane
Golgi complex
Network of tubes and flat, curved sacks that help transport materials through the cell; site of calcium storage; main location of fat metabolism
Smooth ER
Makes enzymes that oxidize some toxic chemicals
Peroxisome
Encloses contents of the cell regulating the flow of substances into and out of the cell
Cell membrane
Folded membranes extending throughout the cell, studded with ribosomes; help transport materials through cell; site of much protein manufacture
Rough ER
Small structure that functions in protein assembly
Ribosome
Jelly like fluid in which organelles float; primarily water but also contains enzymes and amino acids
Cytoplasm
Provides support for the cell; sometimes linked to the cells outer membrane
Microfilament
Internal framework of the cell. Comprised of microfilaments and hollow microtubules
Cytoskeleton
The fluid within the nucleus in which nucleolus and chromosomes float
Nucleoplasm
A two layered membrane with pores through which substances enter and leave the nucleus
Nuclear membrane
The cells control center. Containing chromatin and most of the cells DNA
Nucleus
The region at the center of the nucleus that plays an important roll in ribosome production
Nucleolus
A sac that stores and transports ingested materials, waste products, and water
Vacuole
The site of fat and sugar digestion in the cell ; produces energy; power house of the cell
Mitochondrion
Part of the cells cytoskeleton; aid movement of substances through the watery cytoplasm
Microtubules
Complicated of two cylinders of tubules; essential to cell reproduction
Centriole
Sac that contains various substances that is secreted at the cell membrane
Secretory vesicle
Many molecules naturally move from an area where they are in high concentration to a lower concentrated area.
Diffusion
A carrier protein bonds with a specific molecule such as glucose, outside the cell, then changes shape and ejects the molecule into a cell
Facilitated diffusion
Molecules bind to a receptor site on the cell membrane, triggering a protein to change into a channel, through which molecules travel
Active transport
A specialized part of a cell that has a specific function
Organelle
A group of cells with similar structure that function together as a unit but at a lower level than organs.
Tissues
Laying on back
Supine
Laying on stomach
Prone
Plane that crosses horizontally through the mid section of the body
Transverse plane
Plane that crosses through the body at a slant or angle
Oblique plane
Plane that passes through the body dividing it into anterior and posterior
Coronal plane
Body parts that are closer to the middle of the body
Medial
Parts that are farther away from the middle of the body
Lateral
More towards the head of the body
Superior
Front of the body/ body part
Anterior/ ventral
Back side of the body or body part
Posterior/ dorsal
Closer to the fingers or toes; only applies to limbs; same thing as superior
Distal
Anything below something superior
Inferior
Closer to the shoulder or hips; only applies to limbs; same as inferior
Proximal
Plane that passes in the middle of the head diving the body into left and right
Midsagittal plane
