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TEAS SCIENCE PORTION > Science 1.1 > Flashcards

Science 1.1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Produces powerful enzymes that aid in digestion and excretion of substances and worn out organelles

A

Lysosomes

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1
Q

Organelle that processes and repackages proteins produced in rough ER for release at cell membrane

A

Golgi complex

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2
Q

Network of tubes and flat, curved sacks that help transport materials through the cell; site of calcium storage; main location of fat metabolism

A

Smooth ER

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3
Q

Makes enzymes that oxidize some toxic chemicals

A

Peroxisome

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4
Q

Encloses contents of the cell regulating the flow of substances into and out of the cell

A

Cell membrane

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5
Q

Folded membranes extending throughout the cell, studded with ribosomes; help transport materials through cell; site of much protein manufacture

A

Rough ER

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6
Q

Small structure that functions in protein assembly

A

Ribosome

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7
Q

Jelly like fluid in which organelles float; primarily water but also contains enzymes and amino acids

A

Cytoplasm

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8
Q

Provides support for the cell; sometimes linked to the cells outer membrane

A

Microfilament

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9
Q

Internal framework of the cell. Comprised of microfilaments and hollow microtubules

A

Cytoskeleton

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10
Q

The fluid within the nucleus in which nucleolus and chromosomes float

A

Nucleoplasm

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11
Q

A two layered membrane with pores through which substances enter and leave the nucleus

A

Nuclear membrane

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12
Q

The cells control center. Containing chromatin and most of the cells DNA

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

The region at the center of the nucleus that plays an important roll in ribosome production

A

Nucleolus

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14
Q

A sac that stores and transports ingested materials, waste products, and water

A

Vacuole

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15
Q

The site of fat and sugar digestion in the cell ; produces energy; power house of the cell

A

Mitochondrion

16
Q

Part of the cells cytoskeleton; aid movement of substances through the watery cytoplasm

A

Microtubules

17
Q

Complicated of two cylinders of tubules; essential to cell reproduction

A

Centriole

18
Q

Sac that contains various substances that is secreted at the cell membrane

A

Secretory vesicle

19
Q

Many molecules naturally move from an area where they are in high concentration to a lower concentrated area.

A

Diffusion

20
Q

A carrier protein bonds with a specific molecule such as glucose, outside the cell, then changes shape and ejects the molecule into a cell

A

Facilitated diffusion

21
Q

Molecules bind to a receptor site on the cell membrane, triggering a protein to change into a channel, through which molecules travel

A

Active transport

22
Q

A specialized part of a cell that has a specific function

A

Organelle

23
Q

A group of cells with similar structure that function together as a unit but at a lower level than organs.

A

Tissues

24
Q

Laying on back

A

Supine

25
Q

Laying on stomach

A

Prone

26
Q

Plane that crosses horizontally through the mid section of the body

A

Transverse plane

27
Q

Plane that crosses through the body at a slant or angle

A

Oblique plane

28
Q

Plane that passes through the body dividing it into anterior and posterior

A

Coronal plane

29
Q

Body parts that are closer to the middle of the body

A

Medial

30
Q

Parts that are farther away from the middle of the body

A

Lateral

31
Q

More towards the head of the body

A

Superior

32
Q

Front of the body/ body part

A

Anterior/ ventral

33
Q

Back side of the body or body part

A

Posterior/ dorsal

34
Q

Closer to the fingers or toes; only applies to limbs; same thing as superior

A

Distal

35
Q

Anything below something superior

A

Inferior

36
Q

Closer to the shoulder or hips; only applies to limbs; same as inferior

A

Proximal

37
Q

Plane that passes in the middle of the head diving the body into left and right

A

Midsagittal plane

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