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Psychology 101 > Schools of Psychology > Flashcards

Schools of Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

What two latin words make up psychology?

A

“logos” study and “psyche” the mind

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2
Q

why is psychology be sometimes considered unscientific?

A

It is not directly observed science, since mental events are invisible

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3
Q

What is a compromise definition of psychology?

A

the study of mental events and behaviour

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4
Q

define an experimental psychologist

A

a basic, fundamental researcher

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5
Q

define an applied psychologist

A

One who uses the applications of experimental psychology

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6
Q

What do psychophysicists study?

A

the what and why of the universe

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7
Q

What was the first experimental psychology lab?

A

That of Wilhelm Wundt in Leipzig

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8
Q

What did Edward titchner do? What is his study called?

A

attempted to isolate the basic elements of the mind.It is called structualism, the study of how the mind is structured

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9
Q

Define introspection

A

the method of looking inward and reflecting on ones consciousness

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10
Q

Was Introspection valuable, and why?

A

No. It was very subjective and unreliable, since other people view one event in many different ways

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11
Q

Who is the father of American psychology? To what branch of philosophy did he contribute?

A

William James

pragmatism

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12
Q

Who wrote the first psychology textbook?

A

William James

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13
Q

Who is the father of psychotherapy?

A

Sigmund freud

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14
Q

When did the major roots of clinical psychology and therapy originate

A

1940s

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15
Q

who began cognitive psychology?

A

William James

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16
Q

what does cognitive psychology attempt to do?

A

studies higher mental functions by inferring hypothetical mental states of information processing. they measure this by checking response patterns and performance

17
Q

What is now a “boom” field in psychology?

A

Cognitive psych

18
Q

Why does Cognitive psychology sometimes take a lot of criticism?

A

Because it inferrs things based on hypothetical assumptions, nothing is directly observed

19
Q

Define biological psychology

A

Manipulates the psychological or physical state of the brain, and determines its effects

20
Q

Who were the two men who started behavioural psychology?

A

J Watson and B.F. Skinner

21
Q

When did B.F. Skinner live?

A

1935-1990

22
Q

How does behaviour psychology differ from other sections of psych?

A

It deals only with what can be directly observable. Since only the outcomes of mental events can be observable, they focous on how to change the behaviour, hence this section is called “behaviourism”

23
Q

Define determinism

A

all behaviour is determined by consequential events. Therefore, a certain behaviour will only be repeated if it is reinforced by the outside, and vice versa

24
Q

What two schools of psychology reject the principles of behaviourism?

A

Clinical psychology and psychotherapy

25
Q

Which specialist in psychology does not have to go to university?

A

Psychoanalysts, they go to a school for psychoanalysts

26
Q

what did freud believe determines our behaviour?

A

repressed memories

27
Q

why is phenomenological psychiatry not considered science?

A

concerns itself with subjective experiences, the unique human quality of behaviour

28
Q

Who came up with intropsection?

A

Edward titchner

29
Q

What event defined the start of scientific psychology?

A

William Wundt opened the first psychology lab

30
Q

What was the early definition of psychology?

A

the science of mental life

31
Q

Who rejected introspection, and what did he study instead?

A

B.F Skinner rejected introspection and studied how consequences shape behaviour

32
Q

define cognitive neuroscience

A

study of brain activity linked with perception, thinking, memory

33
Q

define positive psych

A

scientific study of human functioning so to promote strengths and virtues that can make a community thrive

34
Q

define hindsight bias

A

the tendency to belive that, given the outcome, one would have foreseen it

35
Q

operational defintion

A

statement of the procedures used to define research variables

36
Q

define a confounding variable

A

a factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in the experiment

Psychology 101 (18 decks)

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