Neuronal Transmission Flashcards
Name and visualize the 6 different parts of the neuron
Dendrites Soma Axon Cell membrane Terminal endings Myelin sheath
Why is white matter white and grey matter grey?
The neurons that have axons which are covered by myelin sheathes are white, and the opposite for grey
The three roles of the myelin sheath
protect the axon
insulator
speeds up transmission
What is the synaptic gap?
The gap that exists between the terminal ending of one neuron and the membrane receptors of the other neuron
Who was ramone y cajal
He came up with the idea that neurons have a gap between them, so they communicate with chemicals
senosory neurons
transmit impulses received by sensory receptors
Motor neurons
carry outgoing signals to the muscles from the CNS
Interneurons
Communicates with other neurons
What types of neurons are flexible for behaviour
interneurons
Tell me where the negative and positive charged ions are found on the resting potential
Negative inside, positive outside
What ions are negative and positive in the action potential?
Na is positive, Cl is negative
What is the resting charge of the neuron
-70
What is very important about the magnitude of the action potential?
It never changes. It always stays the same
Three effects of drugs
stimulate or block receptor
may attack enxymes that break down neurotransmitter
block reuptake of neurotransmitter
endorphins
neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
somatic nervous system
the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles
what does the brain stem do
automatic survival functions
what does the medulla do
controls heartbeat and breathing
what does the thalamous do
it directs messages to sensory receiveing areas and transmitts replies to the cerebellum and medulla
what does the cerebellum do
processes sensory input and coordinationg movement output and balance
what does the amygadala do
linked to emotions
what does the hypothalamus do
linked to emotion and reward
what do glial cells do
support and protect neurons, may play role in thinking and learning
frontal lobes do what
make plans and judgments
