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331: Growth + Development > School Agers > Flashcards

School Agers Flashcards

1
Q

School Agers

A

6-12

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2
Q

School Agers: Biologic Growth

A

Weight: 4-6lbs/year
Height: 2in/year

Teeth: loosing a lot, braces?

General appearance: slimmer look with long legs

  • Increases in muscle (but not very strong)
  • Decrease in H.C in relation to height
  • Thinner at waist
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3
Q

School Agers: Maturation of Systems

A
  • Bladder capacity increases
  • HR: 70-90
  • RR: 16-24

BP Increases: 112/60

Immune system becomes more competent

-More sick (preschool) when enter school (not enough antibodies yet)

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4
Q

School Agers: Teeth

A

Deciduous teeth are lost and permanent teeth erupt

Avg child gains 28 teeth between 6-12
-Often need orthodontic work (braces)

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5
Q

School Agers: Dental Health

A

Dental caries are a big issue at this age

Brushing and flossing

Dental checkups

Limit snacks

  • High protein (chicken + cheese)
  • Fruits + veg
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6
Q

School Agers: Motor + Sensory development

A

Bone growth faster than muscle and ligament development

susceptible to fractures

Movements become more limber, graceful, and coordinated

Heave greater stamina and energy

Vision 20/20 by 6-7

Brain growth (size) is complete by 10 years of age

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7
Q

School Agers: Fine motor

A

6Y:

  • tie shoe laces
  • cut and paste
  • Print (reverses letters)

7Y: reads
8Y: script writing (cursive)
9Y: mature writing

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8
Q

School Agers: Motor Development (6-8)

A

6-8Y

  • Rides bicycle
  • Runs, jumps, climbs, hops
  • Has improved eye-hand coordination
  • Prints word and learn cursive writing
  • Can brush and comb hair

*become modest, keeping covered

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9
Q

School Agers: Motor Development (8-10)

A

8-10Y

  • Throws ball skillfully
  • Uses to participate in organized sports
  • Uses both hands independently
  • Handles eating utensils (spoon, fork, knife) skillfully
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10
Q

School Agers: Motor Development (10-12)

A

10-12Y

  • Enjoy all physical activities
  • Continues to improve motor coordination
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11
Q

School Agers: (6-12) Stress and Coping

A
  • Super natural beings
  • Injury
  • Storms
  • The dark
  • Staying home alone
  • Separation from parents
  • Things on TV, movies
  • Failure in school
  • Tests
  • Being unattractive
  • Teasing
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12
Q

School Agers: Sleep

A

Sleep time declines but increases during pre-pubertal growth spurt

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13
Q

School Agers: Play

A

Takes on new dimension that reflect a new stage of development, Involves increased physical skill, intellectual ability, and fantasy, but as children form groups they begin to evolve a sense of belonging to a team or group.

Need for conformity comes out in the games they play. Conformity and ritual characterize the play

Want to be with their peers. Team play becomes big during this time

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14
Q

School Agers: Play 2

A

6Y: have longer attention spans and continue to prefer structured activities to more open ended experiences.

By age 8: love table games, hate to loose.

By age 10: ready for competition

  • Comprehends rules and rituals of games
  • Wants to be successful in school and games
  • Good eye/hand coordination
  • Observing and classifying
  • Enjoys music and competitive activities
  • Logical thinking and fairness is issue
  • Boys and girls play remains separate
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15
Q

School Agers: Assessment of social development

A

Increasingly influences by peers

Want dress, hair, everything like their peers

Some kids may be forces to act outside peer group in order to conform at home

By age 11: begin mixing awkwardly with opposite sex

Bullying

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16
Q

School Agers: Temperament

A

Easy children: Adapt readily to school and new situation

Slow to warm: uncomfortable in new situations

Difficult or easily distracted kids: Act out, may not fit in

17
Q

School Agers: Social Devlopment

A
  • Continues to be egocentric
  • Wants other children to play with him
  • *-Insists on being first in everything
  • *Becomes peer oriented
  • Improves relationship with siblings
  • Has greater self-control, confident, sincere
  • Respects parents and their role
  • Joining groups (formal + informal)
  • Engages in tasks in the real world
18
Q

School Agers: Red Flags

A

School failure

Lack of friends

Social isolation

Aggressive behavior: fights, fire setting, animal abuse

19
Q

School Agers: Erikson

A

Industry vs Inferiority

  • Children get skills to help them become contributing members of community
  • Personal and interpersonal competence through technologic and social skills
  • May take part in activities that require practice
  • Music
  • Hobbies and projects are enjoyed if they are small and short in duration
20
Q

School Agers: Piaget

A

Concrete Operational

  • Able to use thoughts to experience events and situations
  • Mental operations
  • Rapidly acquire cognitive skills
  • Much less rigid and egocentric
  • Progress from making judgements on what they see (preconceptual thinking) to making judgements on what they think (conceptual thinking)
  • Life centered on school activities and friends
  • Learn reversibility
  • Learn classification
21
Q

School Agers: Cognitive Development

A
  • Learn conservation of liquid, mass, number, length, area, and volume
  • Reversibility
  • Can serialize
  • Ability to read
  • Understands Jokes
22
Q

School Agers: Kohlberg

A

Conventional Morality: Stage 3-4

  • Individual acts to gain approval of others
  • Good behavior is what pleases others
  • Respect for rules, laws, and property constituted authority
  • Rarely question those in authority (Abuse risk)
23
Q

School Agers: Kohlberg 2

A
  • Believe they should obey the rules
  • The riles are set down by others
  • Feel guilty when they break the rules
  • What adults tell them is the right thing to do
  • As they become older, they begin to be more abstract in thinking about moral questions
24
Q

School Agers: Language

A
  • Learn syntax of language and grammar
  • Able to use language to give directions
  • can make inferences about work meanings
  • Meta-linguistic awareness (means they can pick up jokes, riddles, puns)
25
Q

School Agers: Personal and Social Development

A
  • Confidence of place within family gives them ability to “venture forth”
  • Peer groups
  • Boys and girls increasingly tolerant of each other
  • Learn to argue, persuade, bargain, cooperate, and compromise with friends
  • Sibling conflict increases
  • Ned parents to act as parents, not pals
  • Need consistent controls and structure
  • Parents help to not act on every urge
26
Q

School Agers: Personal + social development 2

A

Body Image: aware of everyone’s body, how they compare

Head is most noticeable part of the body

Very aware of disabilities

Child may be concerned but not express concerns to family

27
Q

School Agers: Prepubescence

A
  • 2 year period that precedes puberty
  • Differences between boys and girls
  • Early appearance of secondary sexual characteristics in girls and late appearance in boys that have been correlated with risk taking behaviors

331: Growth + Development (14 decks)

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