Schizophrenia - EXAM II Flashcards
a psychotic disorder that is characterized by:
- Delusions
- Depression
- Hallucinations
- Disorganized speech
- Disorganized catatonic behavior
- Psychotic symptoms more pronounced and disruptive
Schizophrenia
-clozapine
-quetiapine
-risperidone
-ziprasidone
-olanzapine
-aripiprazole
-lurasidone HCL new atypcial
used to treat schizophrenia
Antipsychotic medications
PINE wants to be DONE with antipsychotic medications
signs and symptoms that precede the acute (one month to a year) before fully manifested signs and symptoms of schizophrenia that is characterized by social withdrawal, deterioration in function, depressive mood, perceptual disturbances, magical thinking, peculiar behavior, appears a month to year before psychotic break. This shows increased stress, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances and decreased functional ability.
Predromal Phase
periods of florrid (symptoms that are so obvious that everyone is aware that something is wrong), as well as positive and negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms.
- inability to understand and process information and focus attention.
- mood is that of depression, anxiety, dysphoria, suicide and demoralization
Acute phase of schizophrenia
delusions, hallucinations, perceptions not based in reality. These symptoms are the most obvious and capture your attention and is associated with acute onset
positive symptoms
loss of function or neurocognitive deficit.
-poverty of thought, loss of motivation, inability to experience pleasure (anhedonia), blunted affect. These symptoms are persistent and extremely destructive.
negative symptoms
phase of schizophrenia in which the acute symptoms decrease in severity but are still present and the remaining symptoms are considered positive (but they decrease the most)
stabilization phase of schizophrenia
phase of schizophrenia in which the symptoms are in remission but there may be a presence of milder and more persistent symptoms.
maintenance phase of schizophrenia
thoughts can be heard by others
thought broadcasting
thoughts of others are being inserted into one’s mind
thought insertion
thoughts have been removed from one’s mind by an outside agency
thought withdrawal
things are taking literally and there is an inability to think abstractly
concrete thinking
made up words
neologisms
repeating the same thing over and over and/or mimicking others
echolalia
forcefully singing in a rhyming manner
clang association
jumbling up words together that doesn’t make much sense
word salad
______ are something that is real in the environment but ends up being a misinterpretation of what actually is, there is always some type of illness associated with an ____. it could be due to withdrawal from a medication or an impending UTI
illusions
they are unaware of where you start and they begin
depersonalization
something may seem larger or smaller than it actually is
derealization
sensory perceptions with no external stimuli
hallucinations
this subtype of schizophrenia is centered around suspicousness, and they mainly used projection as their DM when feeling self-critical. They often misinterpret messages from others. Onset is late (20s-30s) and their cognitive abilities are intact. B/c of their suspicions they are guarded and tense and reserved.
Paranoid
this subtype of schizophrenia is displayed by abnormal behavior, and they are agitation, psychomotor agitation, they won’t eat or move. Stupor and mute.
Catatonic
subtype of schizophrenia that is characterized by loose association, bizarre mannerism, incoherent speech, poorly organized delusions and hallucinations. Odd, giggly grimacing behavior and the onset is early.
Disorganized
diminishes negative as well as positive symptoms
- less side effects encourages patient compliance
- improves symptoms of depression and anxiety
- decreases suicidal behavior
- does cause weight gain
- metabolic abnormalities
atypical antipsychotics
PINE wants to DONE with antipsychotics
targets positive symptoms of schizophrenia
- less expensive than atypical antipsychotics
- does not treat negative symptoms
- extrapyramidal side effects
- tardive dyskinesia
- anticholinergic effects (ACH)
- lower seizure threshold
traditional antipsychotics
H - haloperidol
T - trifluoperazine
F - fluephenazine
a toxic effect that can result from inappropriate/inadequate use of antipsychotics. signs and symptoms include: hyperpyrexia: 103 F hypertension tachycardia diaphoresis incontinence and extrapyramidal symptoms
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
given to treat Parkinson’s and involuntary movements due to the side effects of antipsychotic medications.
Cogentin
given to treat muscle spasms due to the side effects of antipsychotic medications
Dantrolene
given to treat muscle stiffness, tremors, muscle spasms, and poor muscle control in response to antipsychotic medciations.
Parlodel
- severe extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
- muscle rigidity
- dysphasia
- posturing
- cog wheezing
- temp 103 or greater
- hypertension
- tachycardia
- diaphoresis
- incontinence
signs and symptoms of NMS
inner motor restless (foot tapping, rocking and weight shifting) that can have an onset from 2 hours to 60 days. In order to reverse this side effect decrease the dose or change prescription to a lower potent medication.
Akathisia
treated with benzo’s and beta blockers
facial protruding, rolling tongue (facial)
neck and shoulder movement and pelvic thrusts.
Onset of these symptoms can be months to years after initial treatment. There is no known treatment.
Tardive Dyskinesia
