Schizophrenia CBL Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Schneider first rank symptoms of schizophrenia?

A
ABCD
Auditory Hallucinations
Broadcasting of thought
Controlled Thought (Insertion or withdrawal)
Delusional Perception
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2
Q

Which gender gets more schizophrenia?

A

Its equal

But men tend to get it earlier (23 vs 26) and worse

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3
Q

Is schizophrenia associated with any perinatal complications?

A

Hypoxia & infection particularly

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4
Q

What time of year births are associated with schizophrenia?

A

Late winter/early Spring births

Possibly due to in-utero viral exposure

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5
Q

Can cannabis cause schizophrenia?

A

No although it is associated with a higher risk and it can alter the course of existing schizophrenia

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6
Q

What CT sign is associated with schizophrenia?

A

Enlarged Ventricles

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7
Q

What dopaminergic pathway in the brain are associated with the symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Meso-limbic dopamine pathway –> Overactivity –> +ve symptoms

Meso-cortical dopamine pathway –> Underactivity –> -ve symptoms

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8
Q

What dopaminergic pathways are associated with the side effects of anti-psychotics?

A

D2 blockade of the Nigrostriatal Dopamine pathway –> Parkinsonian side effects

D2 blockade of the Tuberoinfundibular dopamine pathway –> Hyperprolactinaemia

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9
Q

Which anti-psychotic doesn’t cause tardive dyskinesia?

A

Clozapine

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10
Q

Other than schizophrenia what are Atypical antipsychotics licensed for?

A

Mania

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11
Q

Which of these 4 factors increases schizophrenia relapse risk?

  • Non compliance
  • Substance misuse
  • High expressed emotion at home
  • Major life events
A

All of them

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12
Q

What are the major side effects of clozapine?

A
  • Metabolic syndrome
  • Idiopathic hyperthermia
  • Hypersalivation
  • Seizure
  • Neutropenia
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13
Q

How do we manage weight gain as a side effect of anti-psychotics?

A

Educate patient in advance
Record Baseline BMI
Record BMI every 6 months
Encourage healthy diet & exercise

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14
Q

What are the parts of metabolic syndrome?

A

Obesity
Dyslipidaemia
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism
Hypertension

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15
Q

What do we need to diagnose metabolic syndrome?

A

3 or more of:

  • BP > 130/85
  • Serum HDL >1.04(M) or >1,29 (F)
  • Serum Triglyceride >1.69
  • Fasting Glc >6.1
  • Waist circumference >102cm(M) or >88cm(F)
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16
Q

What anti-psychotics are most likely to cause hyperprolactinaemia?

A

Typicals
Risperidone
Amisulpride

17
Q

How do we manage QT prolongation as a side effect of anti-psychotics?

A

record any cardiac symptoms before prescribing
Check Fh
Baseline ECG

18
Q

What are the aims of psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia?

A
  • Provide Psychoeducation
  • Improve personal illness management
  • Increase coping skills
  • Reduce risk of co-morbidities
  • Enhance interpersonal/social functional
  • Promote independent living
19
Q

Which psychosocial interventions are good for schizophrenia?

A
CBT
Family Therapy
Supported Employment
Compliance Therapy 
Social Skills Training
20
Q

What factors are associated with a better outcome in schizophrenia?

A

Marriage/stable relationship
Acute onset
Prominent Affective Symptoms
Older onset

21
Q

What schizophrenic populations have the highest mortality?

A

Younger

Women