Schizophrenia CBL Flashcards
What are the Schneider first rank symptoms of schizophrenia?
ABCD Auditory Hallucinations Broadcasting of thought Controlled Thought (Insertion or withdrawal) Delusional Perception
Which gender gets more schizophrenia?
Its equal
But men tend to get it earlier (23 vs 26) and worse
Is schizophrenia associated with any perinatal complications?
Hypoxia & infection particularly
What time of year births are associated with schizophrenia?
Late winter/early Spring births
Possibly due to in-utero viral exposure
Can cannabis cause schizophrenia?
No although it is associated with a higher risk and it can alter the course of existing schizophrenia
What CT sign is associated with schizophrenia?
Enlarged Ventricles
What dopaminergic pathway in the brain are associated with the symptoms of schizophrenia?
Meso-limbic dopamine pathway –> Overactivity –> +ve symptoms
Meso-cortical dopamine pathway –> Underactivity –> -ve symptoms
What dopaminergic pathways are associated with the side effects of anti-psychotics?
D2 blockade of the Nigrostriatal Dopamine pathway –> Parkinsonian side effects
D2 blockade of the Tuberoinfundibular dopamine pathway –> Hyperprolactinaemia
Which anti-psychotic doesn’t cause tardive dyskinesia?
Clozapine
Other than schizophrenia what are Atypical antipsychotics licensed for?
Mania
Which of these 4 factors increases schizophrenia relapse risk?
- Non compliance
- Substance misuse
- High expressed emotion at home
- Major life events
All of them
What are the major side effects of clozapine?
- Metabolic syndrome
- Idiopathic hyperthermia
- Hypersalivation
- Seizure
- Neutropenia
How do we manage weight gain as a side effect of anti-psychotics?
Educate patient in advance
Record Baseline BMI
Record BMI every 6 months
Encourage healthy diet & exercise
What are the parts of metabolic syndrome?
Obesity
Dyslipidaemia
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism
Hypertension
What do we need to diagnose metabolic syndrome?
3 or more of:
- BP > 130/85
- Serum HDL >1.04(M) or >1,29 (F)
- Serum Triglyceride >1.69
- Fasting Glc >6.1
- Waist circumference >102cm(M) or >88cm(F)