Affective Disorders Flashcards
What are mood disorders?
Is any disorder of mental status and function where altered mood is the core feature:
- Can be primary or can be consequence of other illness
What classification system is used for mood disorders?
- International Classification of Disease (ICD-10)
- WHO
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
- American Psychiatric Association
What are the different meanings of the word depression?
- Symptom
- An emotion within normal range of experience, is a form of sadness
- Syndrome
- A constellation of symptoms and signs involved
- Recurrent illness
Aetiology/risk factors - depression
- Not employed
- Not financially independent
- Not in stable marriage
- Lower educational attainment
- Family history
- Exit events
- Separations, losses
Epidemiology - depression
(how common, sex, age)
- Leading cause of disability
- Common
- Lifetime prevalence 3-12/100 people
- M:F 1:2
- Age 20-40
When does psychiatry consider depression to become abnormal?
- Not clear
- Psychiatry places emphasis on
- 1 persistence of symptoms
- 2 pervasiveness of symptoms
- 3 degree of impairment
- 4 presence of specific symptoms or signs
What are the 4 things psychiatry puts emphasis on for depression to be considered abnormal?
- 1 persistence of symptoms
- 2 pervasiveness of symptoms
- 3 degree of impairment
- 4 presence of specific symptoms or signs
What are the symptoms of depressive illness?
- Change in mood
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Perplexity
- Anhedonia
- Change in thought content
- Guilt
- Hopelessness
- Worthlessness
- Any neurotic symptomatology
- Delusions and hallucinations
- Change in bodily function
- Energy (fatigue)
- Sleep
- Appetite (weight loss)
- Libido
- Constipation
- Pain
- Change in psychomotor functioning
- Agitation
- Retardation
- The social sphere
- Loss of interests
- Irritability
- Apathy
- Withdrawal, loss of confidence, indecisive
- Loss of concentration, registration and memory
What possible changes in mood can be seen in depression?
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Perplexity
- Anhedonia
What possible changes in thought content can be seen in depression?
- Guilt
- Hopelessness
- Worthlessness
- Any neurotic symptomatology
- Delusions and hallucinations
What changes in bodily function can be seen in depression?
- Energy (fatigue)
- Sleep
- Appetite (weight loss)
- Libido
- Constipation
- Pain
What changes in psychomotor functioning can be seen in depression?
- Agitation
- Retardation
What change can be seen in the social sphere in depression?
- Loss of interests
- Irritability
- Apathy
- Withdrawal, loss of confidence, indecisive
- Loss of concentration, registration and memory
What is required to be diagnosed with depression in general?
- Last for at least 2 weeks
- No hypomanic or manic episodes in lifetime
- Consider diagnose of bipolar disorder if have
- Not attributable to psychoactive substance use
- If psychotic symptoms need to exclude illnesses like schizophrenia
What is the criteria to be diagnosed with mild depression?