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DSM5 > Schizophrenia and psychotic disorders > Flashcards

Schizophrenia and psychotic disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what is a delusion

A

fixed belief that is not changed when presented with conflicting evidence

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2
Q

persecutory delusion

A

one will be harmed/harassed by an individual/group/organization

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3
Q

referential delusion

A

belief that certain gestures/comments/environmental cues are directed at oneself

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4
Q

grandiose delusions

A

exceptional abilities, wealth, or fame

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5
Q

erotomanic delusions

A

belief that another person, usually of higher status, is in love with them

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6
Q

nihilistic delusion

A

conviction that a major catastrophe will occur

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7
Q

somatic delusion

A

preoccupation with health and organ function

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8
Q

thought withdrawal

A

bizarre delusion that thoughts are removed by an outside force

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9
Q

thought insertion

A

bizarre delusion that thoughts have been put in their head by an outside force

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10
Q

delusions of control

A

bizarre delusion that body/actions are being manipulated by an outside force

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11
Q

most common type of hallucinations

A

auditory

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12
Q

how do you assess disorganized thinking

A

by their speech

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13
Q

derailment or loose associations

A

type of disorganized thinking switching rapidly from one topic to the next

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14
Q

tangentiality

A

type of disorganized speech where answers are either slightly related or completely unrelated to the question

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15
Q

how severe must disorganized speech be

A

enough to impair communication

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16
Q

negativism

A

type of catatonic behavior characterized by resistance to instruction

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17
Q

stupor

A

type of catatonic behavior maintaining rigid, bizarre, or inappropriate posture

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18
Q

mutism

A

complete lack of verbal and motor response

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19
Q

catatonic excitement

A

purposeless and excessive motor activity without obvious cause

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20
Q

diminished emotional expression

A

negative symptom: reduction of emotional expression in eyes, face, tone of speech, and movements of hand/head/face that typically give emotional emphasis to speech

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21
Q

avolition

A

negative symptom
decrease in motivated self-initiated purposeful activity

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22
Q

alogia

A

negative symptom
diminished speech output

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23
Q

anhedonia

A

negative symptom
decreased ability to experience pleasure

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24
Q

asociality

A

negative symptom
lack of interest in social interaction

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25
Q

what are ideas of reference?

A

misinterpretations of casual events as having a particular unusual meaning for the person specifically

26
Q

delusions of reference

A

when ideas of reference are onto with delusional conviction

27
Q

delusional disorder

A

one or more delusions for at least a month
criteria for schizophrenia not met
function not markedly impaired
not due to substance/other medical condition

28
Q

what is factual insight without true insight

A

able to realize others think their behavior is bizarre but unable to accept it themselves

29
Q

associated symptoms of delusional disorder

A

may be poor psychosocial functioning due to beliefs
behavior does not appear impaired when not discussing delusions

30
Q

what are the positive sx that you must have 1 of to qualify for brief psychotic disorder

A

delusions
hallucinations
disorganized speech
grossly disorganized/catatonic behavior

31
Q

diagnostic criteria for brief psychotic disorder

A

-1+ of the positive symptoms
-at least 1 day but less than a month
-complete return to baseline functioning
-not better explained a substance, another mental disorder, or a medical disorder

32
Q

Brief psychotic disorder with marked stressors

A

symptoms are in response to something that would be markedly stressful to anyone

33
Q

diagnostic criteria for schizophreniform disorder

A

2+ psychotic sx
lasts at least 1 month but less than 6
ruled out other mental disorders
not due to a substance or medical disorder

34
Q

what are good prognostic factors for schizophreniform disorder

A

at least 2:
-onset of sx w/i 4 weeks of change in behavior
-confusion/perplexity
-good premorbid functioning
-absence of blunted/flat affect

35
Q

what do you label psychotic disorders if there is no recovery prior to diagnosis

A

provisional

36
Q

does schizophreniform require impaired functioning

A

no

37
Q

what are the 5 possible sx for schizophrenia

A

delusions
hallucinations
disorganized speech
grossly disorganized/catatonic behavior
negative symptoms

38
Q

diagnostic criteria for schizphrenia

A

-2+ of the possible sx
-markedly impaired functioning in at least 1 area
-sx present for at least 6 months
-not d/t mental/medical disorder
not d/t substance

39
Q

what if there are mood episodes along with active phase of schizophrenia

A

they can only be present for a minority of the time

40
Q

what is the most common predictor of nonadherence to schizophrenia tx

A

lack of insight

41
Q

schizophrenic sx in pregnancy

A

tend to get better and then worsen again after delivery

42
Q

diagnostic criteria for schizoaffective disorder

A

-mood episode occurs during psychotic phase and are present for the majority of the time
-delusions/hallucinations must be present for at least 2 weeks w/o mood sx

43
Q

schizoaffective disorder with bipolar type

A

manic episode is part of the presentation

44
Q

schizoaffective disorder with depressive type

A

if depressive episode is part of the picture

45
Q

what if mood sx are only present for a brief portion of psychotic episode

A

dx is schizophrenia

46
Q

does there have to be impaired functioning for dx of schizoaffective disorder

A

not required for dx but often associated

47
Q

when might mood sx develop in schizoaffective disorder

A

prior to psychosis
during psychosis
during residual phase
after psychosis

48
Q

diagnostic criteria for substance-induced psychotic disorder

A

-delusions or hallucinations present
-sx during/soon after substance intoxication/withdrawal
-substance capable of causing sx
-causes clinically significant distress/impairment
-does not occur exclusively in delirium

49
Q

what is the person knows sx are d/t a substance

A

then the dx is substance intoxication/withdrawal w/ specifier of “with perceptual disturbance”; not substance-induced psychotic disorder

50
Q

medical conditions that can cause psychotic sx

A

neurological
endocrine
metabolic
B12 deficiency
fluid/electrolyte imbalance
hepatic/renal disease
autoimmune disorders

51
Q

how many catatonic sx must be present to qualify for specifier

A

3

52
Q

13 catatonic sx

A

stupor
catalepsy
waxy flexibility
mutism
negativism
posturing
mannerism
stereotypy
agitation not influenced by external stimuli
grimacing
echolalia
echopraxia

53
Q

catalepsy

A

catatonic behavior
passive induction of posture held against gravity

54
Q

waxy flexibility

A

catatonic behavior
resistance to posturing by the examiner

55
Q

negativism

A

catatonic behavior
opposition or no response to instruction

56
Q

mannerism

A

catatonic behavior
odd circumstantial caricature of normal actions

57
Q

stereotypy

A

catatonic behavior
repetitive, abnormally frequent, non-goal oriented movment

58
Q

echolalia

A

catatonic behavior
mimicking speech

59
Q

echopraxia

A

catatonic behavior
mimicking another’s movements

60
Q

neurologic conditions that can cause catatonia

A

neoplasms
head trauma
cerebrovascular disease
encephalitis

61
Q

metabolic conditions that can cause cataplexy

A

hypercalcemia
hepatic encephalopathy
homocystinuria
DKA

DSM5 (18 decks)

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