Schizophrenia Flashcards
People with schizophrenia may ____ from other people and from everyday reality, often into a life of odd beliefs (delusions) and hallucinations
withdraw
The lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia is slightly less than 1 percent, and it affects ____ slightly more often than ____
men, women
Schizophrenia sometimes begins in childhood, but it usually appears in late ____ or early adulthood, and usually somewhat earlier in men than in women.
adolescence
____ comprise excesses and distortions, such as hallucinations and delusions. For the most part, acute episodes of schizophrenia are characterized by ____
Positive symptoms
Such ____, which are beliefs contrary to reality and firmly held in spite of disconfirming evidence, are common positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
delusions
A person may believe that thoughts that are not his or her own have been placed in his or her mind by an external source; this is called ____.
thought insertion
A person may believe that his or her thoughts are broadcast or transmitted, so that others know what he or she is thinking; this is called ____.
thought broadcasting
A person may believe that an ____ controls his or her feelings or behaviors.
external force
A person may have ____ delusions, an exaggerated sense of his or her own importance, power, knowledge, or identity
grandiose
A person may have ____, incorporating unimportant events within a delusional framework and reading personal significance into the trivial activities of others
ideas of reference
The most dramatic distortions of perception are ____, sensory experiences in the absence of any relevant stimulation from the environment. They are more often auditory than visual,
hallucinations
The ____ symptoms of schizophrenia consist of behavioral deficits: they include avolition, asociality, anhedonia, blunted affect, and alogia
negative
Apathy, or ____, refers to a lack of motivation and a seeming absence of interest in or an inability to persist in what are usually routine activities, including work or school, hobbies, or social activities.
avolition
Some people with schizophrenia have severe impairments in social relationships referred to as ____.
asociality
A loss of interest in or a reported lessening of the experience of pleasure is called ____.
anhedonia
There are two types of ____ ____ in the anhedonia construct
pleasure experiences
The first, called ____ pleasure, refers to the amount of pleasure experienced in-the-moment or in the presence of something pleasurable.
consummatory
The second type of pleasure, called ____ pleasure, refers to the amount of expected or anticipated pleasure from future events or activities.
anticipatory
People with schizophrenia appear to have a ____ in anticipatory pleasure but not consummatory pleasure
deficit
____ refers to a lack of outward expression of emotion. A person with this symptom may stare vacantly, the muscles of the face motionless, the eyes lifeless.
Blunted affect
However, people with schizophrenia report experiencing the same amount or even more ____ than people without schizophrenia
emotion
____ refers to a significant reduction in the amount of speech.
Alogia
____ symptoms include disorganized speech and disorganized behavior.
Disorganized