Body Dysmorphic Flashcards
People with _____ are preoccupied with one or more imagined or exaggerated defects in their appearance. Although people with BDD may appear attractive to others, they perceive themselves as ugly or even “monstrous” in their appearance. Women tend to focus on their skin, hips, breasts and legs, whereas men are more likely to focus on their height, penis size, or body hair
body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)
People with BDD find it very hard to stop thinking about their concerns. On average, people with BDD think about their ____ for 3 to 8 hours per day. Also like people with OCD, people with BDD find themselves compelled to engage in certain behaviors.
appearance
In BDD, the most common _____ include checking their appearance in the mirror, comparing their appearance to that of other people, asking others for reassurance about their appearance, or using strategies to change their appearance or camouflage disliked body areas (grooming, tanning, exercising, changing clothes, and applying makeup)
compulsive behaviours
About a third of patients with BDD describe ____ about their appearance, such as being convinced that others are laughing at them or staring at their flaws
delusions
Unfortunately, _____ does little to allay their concerns, and many people report wanting to sue or hurt their physicians after the surgery because they are so disappointed. As many as a fifth of people with this disorder have thought about committing suicide
plastic surgery
BDD occurs slightly more often in ____ than in men, but even among women it is relatively rare, with a prevalence of less than 2 percent.
women
BDD typically begins in late ____.
adolescence
Case reports from around the world suggest that the symptoms and outcomes of BDD are similar across ____.
cultures
In BDD the most common ____ disorders include major depressive disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance use disorders, and personality disorders
comorbid
DSM-5 Criteria for _____ Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects in appearance. The person has performed repetitive behaviours or mental acts (e.g., mirror checking, seeking reassurance, or excessive grooming) in response to the appearance concerns. Preoccupation is not restricted to concerns about weight or body fat
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Etiology of Body Dysmorphic Disorder. ____ models of BDD focus on what happens when a person with this syndrome looks at his or her body.
Cognitive
People with BDD seem to be able to accurately see and process their physical features - the problem does not appear to be one of distortion of the physical features. Rather, those with BDD are more attuned to features that are important to ____, such as facial symmetry, than are those without BDD.
attractiveness
Rather than considering the gestalt, they examine one ____ at a time, which makes it more likely that they will become engrossed in considering a small flaw. They also consider attractiveness to be vastly more important than do control participants. Indeed, many people with BDD seem to believe that their self-worth is exclusively dependent on their appearance.
feature
People with BDD tend to spend a lot of time focusing on their ____, to the exclusion of focusing on other, more positive stimuli.
appearance
Body Dysmorphic Disorder. The basic principles of ERP are tailored in several ways to address the ____ of BDD. For example, to provide exposure to the most feared activities clients might be asked to interact with people who could be critical of their looks. For response prevention, clients are asked to avoid the activities they use to reassure themselves about their appearance, such as looking in mirrors and other reflective surfaces.
symptoms
