SCHIZOPHRENIA Flashcards
It encompasses a group of psychotic reactions that affect multiple areas of the individual’s functioning, including thinking and communicating, perceiving and interpreting reality, feeling and demonstrating emotion, and behaving in socially acceptable manner.
Schizophrenia
It is characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances.
Schizophrenia
Who coined schizophrenia
Eugene Bleuler (Swiss Psychiatrist)
A greek word of schizophrenia which means that there is a disconnection or splitting of the psychic functions.
Split presonality
Shcizo is a severe mental disorder that is characterized by 5 A
Affect
Association
Autism
Ambivalence
Auditory Hallucination
a person’s mood, feeling tone or emotions.
Affect - It is usually blunted, inappropriate, or flat
Association
Loose or distorted
a thought process in which the person retreats from reality.
Autism
contradictory or opposing emotions, attitudes, ideas and desires for the same person, thing or situation
Ambivalence
Nodal onset for men
18 to 25
Nodal onset for women
25 and mid- 30’s
Causes of Schizo
*Genetic predisposition
*Neuro developmental abn
*Brain structural abn and chem imbalances
*Psychosocial and environmental factors
One affected parent
12% to 15%
Both parents
35% to 39%
Sibling
8 to 10%
Dizygotic twin
15%
Monozygotic twin
50%
Distant relative
3 to 5%
2Neuro developmental abnormalities
Minor fetal malformation during early gestation
-influenza infection (2nd tri)
-trauma at birth (hypoxia or o2 depri)
-abuse during infancy or early childhood
Brain structural abnormalities and chemical imbalances
*enlarged ventricles
*dec. cortical bld flow (pre-frontal cortex)
*dec. metabolic act
*cerebral atrophy
*excess prod. of dopamine in brain
What neurotransmitters plays an important role in dev’ of schizo
Serotonin, nor epinephrine, glutamate, GABA
Psychosocial and environmental factors
*lack of warm, nurturing attention
*Families who have highly expressed emotions
*consistent low-socio-economic
*Biologically vulnerable (exposed to stressors)
reflect the symptoms of overt psychotic or distorted behavior
Positive Symptoms
Positive symptoms
*Excess or distortion of normal functions
*Bizarre or disorganized behavior
*Hallucinations
*Illusion
*delusions
*Excitement and agitation
*Hostility or aggressive behavior
*Suspiciousness
*Pressured speech
*Possible suicidal tendencies
*Loose association
everything occurring in environment has a direct significance to oneself
delusion of reference
people or institutions are plotting against or attacking him
delusion of persecution
one is controlled by others or outside forces
delusion of external control
appearance or functioning of one’s body is altered. A person with this type of delusional disorder believes that he or she has a physical defect or medical problem.
somatic delusion
Someone with this type of delusional disorder believes that another person, often someone important or famous, is in love with him or her. The person might attempt to contact the object of the delusion, and stalking behavior is not uncommon.
Erotomanic
A person with this type of delusional disorder has an over-inflated sense of worth, power, knowledge, or identity. The person might believe he or she has a great talent or has made an important discovery.
Grandiose
People with this type of delusional disorder believe that they (or someone close to them) are being mistreated, or that someone is spying on them or planning to harm them. It is not uncommon for people with this type of delusional disorder to make repeated complaints to legal authorities.
Persecutory
creating new words
neologism
words in a sentence that may seem connected but do not compose coherent thought
Word salad
senseless repetition of the words of another person
echolalia
senseless copying of another person’s behavior or action
echopraxia
words that rhyme are put together for their sound association, without coherent thought
clang association
continuous flow of verbalization in which the person jumps from one topic to another
flight of ideas
Negative symptoms
*Anergia
*Anhedonia
*Emotional withdrawal
*Poor eye contact
*Blunted affect
*Ambivalence
*Avolition
*Difficulty to abstract thinking
*Alogia
*Dysfunctional relationship with others
lack of energy
Anergia
lack of pleasure in activities and things that the individual would normally perceive as pleasurable or enjoyable
Anhedonia
lack of motivation to persist a goal- oriented activity
Avolition
refers to decreased speech pattern or poverty of speech
Alogia
Types of Shcizo
Paranoid
Disorganized
Catatonic
Undifferentiated
Residual
systematized delusions or auditory hallucinations; maybe suspicious, argumentative, hostile and aggressive. Prognosis is better
Paranoid
Paranoid behavior
Less regressive and not socially impaired
disorganized speech and behaviors. flat or inappropriate affect. odd mannerisms, extreme social withdrawal, neglect hygiene and appearance. before 25
Disorganized
Disorganized behavior
Regressive, poor social interaction, poor reality contact
marked psychomotor disturbances, which may involve immobility or excessive activity
Catatonic
may exhibit inactivity, negativism, and waxy flexibility
Catatonic stupor
involves extreme agitation and may be accompanied by echolalia and echopraxia
Catatonic excitement
There is a current absence of acute symptoms, but a history of past episodes but marked social isolation, withdrawal, and impaired role functioning maybe present
Residual
Other psychotic disorders
Schizoaffective
Brief reactive psychosis
Schizophreniform
Delusional
Shared Psychotic Disorder (folie a deux)
refers to behavior characteristic of schizophrenia in addition to those indicative of disorders of mood such as depression or elation
Schizoaffective disorder
the essential features include a sudden onset of psychotic symptoms in response to a severe psychosocial stressors.
Brief reactive psychosis or brief psychotic disorder
When does Brief reactive psychosis or brief psychotic disorder lasts
few hours to one month with a virtual return
The essential features are identical to those of schizophrenia with the exception that the duration is less than 6 months but more than 4 weeks.
Schizophreniform disorder
The client has one or more non bizarre delusions. That are believable ideas.
Delusional disorders
Psychosocial functioning is not markedly impaired and behavior is not obviously odd or bizarre
Delusional Disorder
A similar delusion is shared by two people. The person with this diagnosis develops this delusion in the context of a close relationship with someone who has a psychotic delusions
Shared psychotic disorder (folie a deux
