Intellectual Development Disability Flashcards
are disorders that are usually present at birth and that negatively affect the trajectory of the individual’s development
Intellectual Development Disability
What developments are affected in IDD
Physical, Intellectual, Emotional
Many of these conditions affect multiple body parts or systems.
IDD
What age IDD starts?
Anytime before 18
IDD is characterized by problems with both:
Intellectual functioning or intelligence
Adaptive behavior
Intellectual functioning or intelligence, include the ability to
Learn, reason, problem solve, and other skills
Adaptive behavior includes
Everyday social and skills life.
IQ of IDD
approximately 70 or below
What gender it usually occurs
Twice frequently in male as in female children
They experience of exhibit significant limitations in at least 2 of the following skill areas:
communication, self-care, home living, social/ interpersonal skills, use of community resources, self-direction, functional academic skills, work, leisure, health and safety
Associated features include
irritability, aggressiveness, temper tantrums, stereotyped repetitive movements, nail biting, and stuttering.
is the deficit in adaptive behavior along with intellectual impairment.
IDD by American Association of Mental Deficiency
Etiology of IDD
Genetic conditions, problems during pregnancy, problems at birth, health problems, environmental factors
Deficits in IDD
Conceptual, social, practical skills
Genetic conditions
Down syndrome
Fragile X syndrome -geneteic abn
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
can result when the baby does not develop inside the mother properly.
Problems during pregnancy
Problems during pregnancy
*problems with the way the baby’s cell divide as it grows.
*A woman who drinks alcohol or gets an infection like rubella during pregnancy. *Preeclampsia, drug abuse
if baby has problems during labor and birth, such as not getting enough oxygen
Problems at birth
Problems at birth
*Injury to the brain suffered during pre-peri and post-natal period
*Cranial malformations such as micro-macro cephalus
diseases like whooping cough, measles, and meningitis, malnutrition, not getting enough medical care.
Health problems
Health problems
*Severe neglect or abuse
*Exposure to poisons like lead and mercury
Environmental factors
Poverty
The severity of the intellectual deficit is classified
mild, moderate, severe, profound
Mild IDD IQ
I.Q. 55 to 70
None in early childhood
Mild IDD
Mental age of Mild IDD
8-12
Sixth grade level by late teens
Mild IDD
Difficulty adapting to school
Mild IDD
May need assistance when experiencing social or academic stress
Mild IDD
% of Mild IDD
85%
Can achieve social and vocational skills for minimum self-support
Mild IDD
“educable”- can acquire academic skills up to approximately sixth grade level
Mild IDD
Can read, write or do arithmetic
Mild IDD
IQ of Moderate IDD
35-55
Poor awareness of the needs of others
Moderate IDD
Usually no progression beyond second grade level.
Moderate IDD
Need moderate supervision due to self-care deficit.
Moderate IDD
Require supervision and guidance under mild social or economic stress
Moderate IDD
% of Moderate IDD
10%
May profit from vocational training
Moderate IDD
Can function in sheltered workshops as unskilled or semi-skilled persons
Moderate IDD
Moderate IDD age
3-7
“trainable” Offer simple, repetitive tasks because it facilitates learning.
Moderate IDD
IQ of severe IDD
25-35
Poor motor development and minimal speech.
Severe IDD
Unable to learn academic skills but may learn to talk and be trained in elementary hygiene skills or activities of daily living.
Severe IDD
Require complete supervision in a controlled environment.
Severe IDD
% of severe IDD
3-4%
May learn to perform simple work tasks
Severe IDD
Profound IDD IQ
20-25
Minimal capacity for sensorimotor functioning.
Profound IDD
Require total nursing care and highly structured environment with supervision due to selfcare deficit.
Profound IDD
% of Profound IDD
1% to 2%
“custodial”- requires total care.
Profound IDD
May attain a mental age of young infant
Profound IDD
Does not relate with peers; more secure with adults
Profound IDD
Comforted by physical touch
Profound IDD
May repeat words. Short attention span but usually attracted to music
Profound IDD
Signs of IDD
*Sit up, crawl, or walk later than other children.
*Learn to talk later, or have trouble speaking.
*Find it hard to remember things.
*Not understand how to pay for things *Have trouble understanding social rules.
*Have trouble seeing the consequences of their actions.
*Have trouble solving problems.
*Have trouble thinking logically
Three things factor into the diagnosis of intellectual disability:
*interviews with the parents
*observation of the child
*testing of intelligence and adaptive behaviors.
Skills that could be taught
- Communicating with others
- Taking care of personal needs (dressing, bathing, going to the bathroom)
- Health and safety
- Home living (helping to set the table, cleaning the house, or cooking dinner
- Social skills (manners, knowing the rules of conversation, getting along in a group, playing a game)
- Reading, writing and basic math
- As they get older, skills that will help them in the workplace
Steps to help intellectually disabled child
*Learn everything about intellectual disabilities
*Encourage the child’s independence
*Get the child involved in group activities
*Stay involved
*Get to know other parents of intellectually disabled children
The more we know, the better advocate we can be for your child.
Learn everything about intellectual disabilities
Let the child try new things and encourage to do things by themselves. Provide guidance when it’s needed and give positive feedback when the child does something well or masters something new.
Encourage the child’s independence
Taking an art class or participating in Scouts will help the child build social skills.
Get the child involved in group activities
By keeping in touch with the child’s teachers, parents should be able to follow their progress and reinforce what the child is learning at school through practice at home.
Stay involved
They can be a great source of advice and emotional support.
Get to know other parents of intellectually disabled children
