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NCM117 LEC > Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Eating Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

are characterized by a repeated disturbance of eating or eating-related behavior that results in the altered consumption or absorption of food and that significantly diminishes physical health or psychosocial functioning.

A

Eating disorders

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2
Q

can be viewed on a continuum, with clients with anorexia nervosa eating too little or starving themselves, client with bulimia eating chaotically, and clients with obesity eating too much.

A

Eating disorders

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3
Q

Although many believe that eating disorders are relatively new, documentation from the Middle Ages indicates willful dieting leading to self-starvation in female saints who fasted to achieve

A

Purity

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4
Q

In the late 1800s, doctors in England and France described young women who apparently used

A

self-starvation to avoid obesity

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5
Q

that anorexia nervosa was established as a mental disorder

A

1960’s

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6
Q

Bulimia nervosa was first described as a distinct syndrome in

A

1979

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7
Q

life-threatening eating disorder characterized by the client’s refusal or inability to maintain a minimally normal body weight, intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, significantly disturbed perception of the shape or size of the body, and steadfast inability or refusal to acknowledge the seriousness of the problem or even that one exists.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

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8
Q

is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes (at least twice a week for 3 months) of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors to avoid weight gain such as purging, fasting, or excessively exercising.

A

Bulimia Nervosa

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9
Q

characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating but it is not associated with the recurrent use of inappropriate compensatory behaviours as in bulimia nervosa, and does not occur exclusively during the course of bulimia nervosa, or anorexia nervosa methods to compensate for overeating, such as self-induced vomiting.

A

Binge eating Disorder

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10
Q

involves persistent eating of non-nutritive substances such as hair, dirt, and paint chips for a period of at least one month.

A

Pica

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11
Q

repeatedly and persistently regurgitating food after eating, but it’s not due to a medical condition or another eating disorder such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, or avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

A

Rumination disorder

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12
Q

persistent failure to meet appropriate nutritional or energy needs due to having no interest in eating regarding food with certain sensory characteristics, such as color, texture, smell or taste; or fear of choking.

A

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)

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13
Q

are eating behaviors that cause clinically compelling distress and impairment in areas of functioning, but do not meet the full criteria for any of the other feeding and eating disorders.

A

Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED).

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14
Q

A specific cause for eating disorders

A

Unknown

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15
Q

may be the stimulus that leads to their
development of ED

A

Dieting

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15
Q

Studies of anorexia nervosa have shown that these disorders tend to run in families; genetic vulnerability also might result from a particular personality type or a general susceptibility to psychiatric disorders.

A

Biologic factors

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16
Q

Onset of anorexia nervosa usually occurs during

A

adolescence or young adulthood

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17
Q

Onset of anorexia nervosa usually occurs during adolescence or young adulthood; some researchers believe its causes are related to developmental issues.

A

Developmental factors

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18
Q

Girls growing up amid family problems and abuse are at higher risk for both anorexia and bulimia; disorders eating is a common response to family discord.

A

Family influences

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19
Q

Adolescents often idealize actresses and models as having the perfect “look” or body even though many of these celebrities are underweight or use special effects to appear thinner than they are; pressure from others also may contribute to eating disorders.

A

Sociocultural factors

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20
Q

has been identified as a major health problem in the United States; some call it an epidemic.

A

Obesity

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21
Q

normal-weight people with bulimia have a history of anorexia nervosa and low body weight,

A

30% to 35%

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22
Q

% of people with anorexia nervosa exhibit bulimic behavior.

A

50%

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23
Q

% of cases of anorexia nervosa and bulimia occur in females

A

More than 90%

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24
Q

The prevalence of both eating disorders is estimated to be — of the general population in the United States.

A

1% to 3%

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25
Q

Inflexible thinking.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

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26
Q

Cold intolerance.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

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27
Q

Emaciation.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

28
Q

Hypotension, hypothermia, bradycardia.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

29
Q

Hypertrophy of salivary glands.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

30
Q

Leukopenia and mild anemia.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

31
Q

Elevated liver function studies.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

32
Q

Elevated BUN.

A

Anorexia Nervosa

33
Q

Compensatory behavior

A

Bulimia Nervosa

34
Q

within normal weight range, possible underweight or overweight.

A

Bulimia Nervosa

35
Q

Possible substance use involving alcohol and stimulants.

A

Bulimia Nervosa

36
Q

Metabolic alkalosis (from vomiting)

A

Bulimia Nervosa

37
Q

Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities.

A

Bulimia Nervosa

38
Q

metabolic acidosis (from diarrhea)

A

Bulimia Nervosa

39
Q

Mildly elevated serum amylase levels.

A

Bulimia Nervosa

40
Q

Assessment and Diagnostic Findings

A

Physical and mental status evaluation.
CBC
Blood chemistries
Liver function tests

41
Q

CBC

A

Hemoglobin are ↑ if dehydrated
↓ WBC due to margination
Thrombocytopenia

42
Q

Blood chemistries

A

Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia
Hypoglycemia
↑BUN
*Hypokalemic hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
Acidosis

43
Q

reflects excess water intake or the inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone

A

Hyponatremia

44
Q

results from diuretic or laxative use

A

Hypokalemia

45
Q

results from the lack of glucose precursors in the diet or low glycogen stores; may also be due to impaired insulin clearance

A

Hypoglycemia

46
Q

renal function is generally normal except in patients with dehydration

A

↑ BUN

47
Q

observed with vomiting

A

Hypokalemic hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis

48
Q

observed in cases of laxative abuse

A

Acidosis

49
Q

are minimally elevated, but levels encountered in patients with active hepatitis are not observed

A

Liver function test

50
Q

levels are usually normal, because although the amount of food intake is restricted, it usually contains high-quality –

A

Albumin and protein

51
Q

Clients receive nutritionally balanced meals and snacks that gradually increase caloric intake to a normal level for size, age, and activity.

A

Nutritional rehabilitation and weight restoration

52
Q

Individuals with anorexia nervosa may respond best to this treatment,

A

Family-based therapy

53
Q

an established therapeutic modality for achieving and maintaining remission from anorexia nervosa.

A

Maudsley method

54
Q

an evidence-based, effective treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN); behavioral approaches to avoiding undesirable eating habits are used

A

Cognitive behavioral therapy

55
Q

behavioral approaches to avoiding undesirable eating habits

A

diary keeping; behavioral analyses of the antecedents, behaviors, and consequences (so-called ABCs)

56
Q

addresses specific issues in the interpersonal arena that create the context for and stimulate dynamic tensions that spur the patient’s symptoms; these generally encompass such processes as grief, role transitions, role conflicts or disputes, and interpersonal deficits.

A

Interpersonal psychotherapy

57
Q

Pharmacologic Management

A

Electrolyte supplements
Fat-soluble vitamins
Antidepressants, SSRIs

58
Q

is necessary in patients with profound malnutrition, dehydration, and purging behaviors, my be done orally or parenterally, depending on the patient’s clinical state.

A

Electrolyte repletion

59
Q

are used to meet necessary dietary requirements. They are utilized in metabolic pathways, as well as in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein synthesis.

A

Fat soluble vitamins

60
Q

These agents have been reported to reduce binge eating, vomiting, and depression and to improve eating habits, although their impact on body dissatisfaction remains unclear.

A

Anti depressant, SSRI

61
Q

perfectionists with above-average intelligence, achievement oriented, dependable, eager to please, and seeking approval before their condition began

A

Anorexia Nervosa

62
Q

often have a history of impulsive behavior such as substance abuse, shoplifting, as well as anxiety, depression, and personality disorders

A

Bulimia Nervosa

63
Q

appear slow, lethargic, and fatigued; they may be emaciated depending on the amount of weight loss

A

Anorexia Nervosa

64
Q

may be underweight or overweight but are generally close to expected body weight for age and size.

A

Bulimia Nervosa

65
Q

Clients with eating disorders have — moods that usually correspond to their eating or dieting behaviors.

A

Labile

66
Q

Clients with eating disorders spend most of the time thinking about dieting, food, and food-related behavior.

A

Though processes and content

67
Q

Self concept that is prominent in clients with eating disorders

A

Low self-esteem

NCM117 LEC (18 decks)

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