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MEPT > Scheduled performance > Flashcards

Scheduled performance Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of Mean Aerodynamic Chord?

A

The chord of an imaginary rectangular aerofoil with the same area and aerodynamic properties of the actual wing.

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2
Q

What is the definition of Centre of Gravity (CofG)?

A

This is the position where the mass of the airplane is considered concentrated for balance purposes. It is normally referred to in terms of %MAC.

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3
Q

How is the Ramp Weight (RW) calculated?

A

Add the fuel weight to the Actual Zero Fuel Weight (AZFW).

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4
Q

What is the MAC length of the Phenom?

A

1.640m.

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5
Q

Which items make up the Phenom aircraft payload?

A
  • Weight of occupants
  • Baggage
  • Cabinet contents
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6
Q

What is the definition of Moment Arm in the Phenom weight and balance calculations?

A

The distance from the aircraft’s Datum to its Centre of Gravity.

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7
Q

What is the length of the balance arm to the Leading Edge of the wing Mean Aerodynamic Chord (LEMAC) in the Phenom T1?

A

5.325 m from the Airplane Datum.

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8
Q

What comprises the Actual Zero Fuel Weight (AZFW)?

A
  • The Basic Empty Weight (BEW)
  • Actual payload
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9
Q

What is metal fatigue?

A

The reduction of structural integrity under repeated cycles of stress due to the growth of cracks.

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10
Q

What is the maximum allowable probability of structural failure during an aircraft’s planned life in its intended role?

A

1/1000.

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11
Q

What is the definition of Stress on a structure?

A

The load force per unit of a structure’s cross-sectional area.

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12
Q

What is the definition of Strain on a structure?

A

The deformation per unit length in a material under stress.

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13
Q

What type of repeated stress is the main cause of fatigue damage, especially in the lower skin of wings and lower wing spar booms?

A

Tensile stress.

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14
Q

What is the name of the graphical curve that illustrates the relationship between applied alternating stress levels and the endurance to failure of a material?

A

S-N Curve.

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15
Q

Which design philosophy aims to establish a fixed structural lifetime during which no significant fatigue damage will occur?

A

Safe life.

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16
Q

Which design philosophy aims to build with sufficient structural redundancy such that any single point of failure will not lead to catastrophic loss?

A

Fail Safe.

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17
Q

Which aircraft design philosophy and maintenance procedure ensures cracks will be detected long before they reach CCL?

A

Damage Tolerance.

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18
Q

What is the aim of Scheduled Performance Planning?

A

To ensure that the space available for any maneuver always exceeds the space required to complete the maneuver.

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19
Q

What is the performance classification of a multi-engine turbo-prop aircraft with a take-off weight under 5700kg and less than 9 passengers?

A

Perf Group B.

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20
Q

Which performance group do multi-engine turbo-jet passenger aircraft belong?

A

Perf Group A.

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21
Q

What is the performance classification of a multi-piston-engine propeller aircraft with a take-off weight over 5700kg and carrying more than 9 passengers?

A

Perf Group C.

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22
Q

What is the definition of Net or Factored performance?

A

Gross performance diminished by the amount considered necessary to allow for various contingencies.

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23
Q

What defines an aircraft’s required take-off distance?

A

The ground run from the brake release point to lift off from the runway, plus the distance for the initial climb to the regulated screen height.

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24
Q

What is the definition of Stopway?

A

A defined rectangular area at the end of and the same width as the runway, designated as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take-off.

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25
Q

What is the definition of Clearway?

A

A defined rectangular area either side of the centreline at the end of the runway, under control of the airport authority, clear of any obstacles that would affect an aircraft’s initial climb to its screen height.

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26
Q

What is the definition of TORA?

A

The available length of surface able to bear the weight of an aircraft during take-off. Normally this is the length of the paved runway between the thresholds.

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27
Q

What is the definition of TODA?

A

The combined length of the runway and clearway.

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28
Q

What is the definition of ASDA?

A

The combined length of the stopway and runway.

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29
Q

In SP planning what is the maximum value of TODA?

A

1.5 times TORA.

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30
Q

Which V speed is used to signify decision speed during take-off?

A

V1.

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31
Q

What is the definition of VR?

A

The speed at which the pilot initiates rotation during the take-off ground run with the intention of becoming airborne.

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32
Q

What is the Perf A take-off screen height?

A

35 ft dry or 15 ft wet.

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33
Q

What is the WAT limit?

A

The initial climb performance limit imposed by aircraft weight, pressure altitude and static air temperature.

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34
Q

What is the definition of balanced field?

A

TODA equals ASDA.

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35
Q

How is the headwind component factored for take-off calculations?

A

No more than 50% of the headwind component can be factored in the calculations.

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36
Q

What does V1 signify?

A

V1 is the speed above which the take-off must be continued in the event of a critical engine failure.

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37
Q

Why is V1 speed decreased when the runway is wet?

A

To increase stopping distance available following an abort on a wet runway.

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38
Q

What speed is the minimum limit for V1?

A

VMCG.

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39
Q

What is the field length deemed available and suitable for the ground run of an aircraft during take-off?

A

TORA.

40
Q

What speed must an aircraft achieve at screen height following a critical engine failure?

A

V2.

41
Q

What is the definition of VMBE?

A

The maximum speed on the ground from which the aircraft can be stopped within the energy capabilities of the brakes.

42
Q

What speeds impose a maximum limit for V1?

A

VR or VMBE, whichever is least.

43
Q

At what point does the Take-Off Climb stage of Scheduled Performance planning begin?

A

When the aircraft passes 35ft at the end of TODR.

44
Q

At which point in the flight does the Net Take-Off Flight Path (NTOFP) stage of SP planning end?

A

When the aircraft attains a safe height of 1500 ft above surface datum.

45
Q

Which of the following terms would correctly express a % climb gradient?

A

(Height ÷ Distance) × 100.

46
Q

By what vertical distance must obstacles on the take-off flight path be cleared?

A

35ft or 50ft if bank angle is greater than 15°.

47
Q

What is the maximum horizontal clearance of obstacles in the take-off flight path if the aircraft has “good” navigation systems with track changes during the take-off climb less than 15°?

A

300m either side of the take-off flight path.

48
Q

What is the maximum horizontal clearance of obstacles in the take-off flight path if the aircraft has only basic radio navigation systems (NDB/VOR) with track changes during the take-off climb greater than 15°?

A

900m either side of the take-off flight path.

49
Q

What is the maximum horizontal clearance of obstacles in the take-off flight path if the aircraft has “good” navigation systems with track changes during the take-off climb flight path greater than 15°?

A

600m either side of the take-off flight path.

50
Q

What is the maximum horizontal clearance of obstacles in the take-off flight path for an aircraft with a wingspan in excess of 60m as it passes TODA?

A

90m either side of the take-off flight path.

51
Q

What is the maximum horizontal clearance of obstacles in the take-off flight path for an aircraft with a wingspan less than 60m as it passes TODA?

A

½ Wingspan plus 30m either side of the take-off flight path.

52
Q

What does SP take-off climb stage planning ensure?

A

SP planning ensures that, following a critical engine failure, an aircraft’s net climb gradient will enable it to clear all obstacles by at least 35ft during the take-off climb stage.

53
Q

What factors define each segment of the Take-Off Climb?

A

The climb gradient changes when the aircraft changes configuration, speed or thrust.

54
Q

How many Segments are there in the Take-Off Climb stage of SP?

A

Up to six gradient segments, but usually four can be clearly identified for Perf A aircraft.

55
Q

What speed is an aircraft accelerated to in the third segment of the Take-Off Climb?

A

VFS.

56
Q

In the Phenom POH, which take-off climb segment gradients are given in the take-off climb data tables?

A

Second segment net gradients to 400ft and 1500ft.

57
Q

Which obstacles should be considered relevant to the Take-Off Climb?

A

All obstacles within the defined Take-Off Climb obstacle domain.

58
Q

At what height above the airfield do standard noise abate procedures end?

A

3000ft.

59
Q

At what initial speed should Noise Abatement Procedures be flown in the Phenom T1?

A

V2 + 10kt with take-off flap set.

60
Q

Where does the En-Route Stage of SP planning begin and end for Perf A aircraft?

A

Begins at 1500ft above departure airfield datum and ends at 1500ft above destination airfield.

61
Q

How is the best rate of climb achieved?

A

By climbing at a TAS that gives the best margin of power available over power required.

62
Q

What is the difference between absolute and service ceiling?

A

The absolute ceiling is the highest altitude achievable with the power available, at the service ceiling an aircraft would still be able to achieve a rate of climb of about 300ft/min.

63
Q

Following an en-route engine failure in an aircraft with good navigation systems, what is the required horizontal and vertical obstacle clearance during a drift-down descent?

A

2000ft vertical and 5nm horizontal.

64
Q

Following an en-route engine failure in an aircraft with good navigation systems, what is the required horizontal and vertical obstacle clearance once the stabilized altitude is reached?

A

1000ft vertical and 5nm horizontal.

65
Q

Following an engine failure En-route, at what speed and with what power set should an aircraft be flown during a drift down to its stabilisation altitude?

A

Drift down speed with Max Continuous thrust set.

66
Q

What is the Phenom T1 normal descent speed and configuration as per POH?

A

250kt (Mach 0.68 above 30900 ft) with thrust at idle in minimum drag configuration.

67
Q

What does ETOPs stand for (CAA definition)?

A

Extended Range Twin Operations.

68
Q

What does it mean if an aircraft has a ETOPS180 capability?

A

That a twin-engine passenger aircraft is legally able to fly up to 180 minutes still-air single-engine flight time from an appropriate en-route diversion airfield.

69
Q

What are the two steps in obtaining approval for ETOPs?

A
  • Type Approval
  • Operational Certification
70
Q

What is the definition of an aircraft’s landing distance?

A

The horizontal distance from a point 50 ft above the runway threshold to the point on the runway when the aircraft comes to a halt.

71
Q

When should runway slope be considered for LDR calculations?

A

Only a downhill (negative) slope is considered in determining LDR.

72
Q

What action should be taken if an approach is still unstable at the designated minimum height above touchdown?

A

The pilots must initiate a go-around.

73
Q

At what height does the landing stage of SP planning commence for Perf A aircraft?

A

1500 ft above the landing surface.

74
Q

In SP Landing planning, what target speed should be flown at the point 50ft above the runway threshold?

A

VREF.

75
Q

What should the relationship be between an aircraft’s ACN and runway PCN if the runway is strong enough to support the aircraft operations?

A

PCN must be greater than or equal to ACN.

76
Q

Can an aircraft be operated from a runway if its ACN is greater than the runway PCN?

A

Yes, if agreement is obtained from the airfield operating authority.

77
Q

How is the tail wind component factored for landing distance calculations?

A

≥150% of the tail wind component.

78
Q

What is determined in calculating the Approach Climb Gradient?

A

The ability of an aircraft to safely execute a go-around on an engine-out approach in the given conditions.

79
Q

What speed is flown to maintain the required Approach Climb Gradient?

A

VAC.

80
Q

What is determined in calculating the Landing Climb Gradient?

A

The ability of an aircraft with all engines operating to safely execute a go-around from 50ft above the threshold in the given conditions if the runway is blocked.

81
Q

What speed should be flown to maintain the required Landing Climb Gradient?

A

VREF (same speed as VLC).

82
Q

What is the principal landing hazard when operating large ME aircraft with a high eye-to-wheel height?

A

If a visual aim point for landing is selected too close to the threshold the main landing gear may touch down short of the runway.

83
Q

By how much is the unfactored (gross) dry landing distance factored before checking that it is less than or equal to LDA?

A

×1.67.

84
Q

By how much is the unfactored (gross) dry landing distance factored before checking that it is less than or equal to LDA if the runway is wet?

A

×1.92.

85
Q

What is the term for the total fuel required for any flight?

A

Block Fuel.

86
Q

What is the term for the total fuel used from take-off until landing at the intended destination?

A

Trip Fuel.

87
Q

What is the term for the fuel carried to account for any unplanned en-route fuel consumption due to adverse winds, routing changes or ATC restrictions?

A

Contingency Fuel.

88
Q

What is the term for the fuel carried to enable an aircraft to go-around from an approach at its destination, fly to a planned diversion airfield and carry out an approach and landing there?

A

Alternate Fuel.

89
Q

What is the term for the fuel carried to enable an aircraft to hold for 30 minutes at 1500 ft above the alternate aerodrome?

A

Final Reserve Fuel.

90
Q

What is the term for the fuel carried to fulfil any operational requirements or comply with specific regulations, such as ETOPS or Island Holding Fuel?

A

Additional Fuel.

91
Q

What is the term for the fuel carried at the discretion of the aircraft captain that is over and above the required fuel for the sortie?

A

Extra Fuel.

92
Q

What is the term for the point between two en-route diversion airfields from which it would take the same time to fly to either airfield?

A

Critical Point (CP).

93
Q

What is the term for the point along an aircraft’s route beyond which it is impossible to reach the destination and still divert safely to an alternate airfield?

A

Last Point of Diversion (LPD).

94
Q

What is the term for the point furthest removed from base from which an aircraft can still return to base within safe endurance?

A

Point of No Return (PNR).

95
Q

How is maximum endurance achieved in a turbo-jet aircraft?

A

By flying at VIMD at an optimum altitude for Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC).

96
Q

How is maximum range achieved in a turbo-jet aircraft?

A

By flying at 1.32 VIMD at high altitude with optimum power set for best Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC).

MEPT (11 decks)

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