Scalp, Brain, & Meninges-Exam I

Question 1

What is S.C.A.L.P. an acronym for?

Answer 1

Skin, Connective Tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose Connective Tissue, Pericranium

Question 2

Which layers of the scalp are firmly connected and move as a unit?

Answer 2

Skin,CT, Aponeurosis

Question 3

Which layer of the scalp do you find the blood vessels?

Answer 3

The Connective Tissue

Question 4

Which nerve are you going to own by the end of this class??

Answer 4

V

Question 5

What are the Sleven nerves that innervate the scalp?

Answer 5

1)))V1 SupraOrbital,2)))SupraTrochlear 3)))V2-Zygomaticotemporal 4)))V3-Auriculotemporal 5)))C2/C3(Ventral Rami)-Lesser Occipital Nerve 6)))C2(dorsal rami)-Greater Occipital Nerve 7)))C3(Dorsal Rami)-Third Occipital Nerve

Question 6

What is the term for the connected blood vessels of the scalp?

Answer 6

AN-AS-TA-MO-SIS

Question 7

What are the two main suppliers of blood to the scalp? Generally where do each of them supply the scalp?

Answer 7

Internal Carotid Branches (THE FACE), External Carotid Branches (The side & back of head)

Question 8

What are the two parts of the Internal Carotid Branches that supply blood to the scalp?

Answer 8

SupraOrbital & SupraTrochlear (LIKE THE NERVES, EH?!)

Question 9

What are the three parts of the External Carotid Branchs that supply blood to the scalp?

Answer 9

Superficial Temporal, Posterior Auricular, Occipital

Question 10

What are the three layers of the meninges?

Answer 10

Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Pia Mater

Question 11

What are the two layers of Dura Mater?

Answer 11

Periosteal Layer (touching skull), Meningeal Layer (dips in between brain)

Question 12

What two layers of tissue become inseparable at the Foramen Magnum?

Answer 12

The periosteal layer of the skull and the dura of the spinal cord (remember the drawing?)

Question 13

What are the four main reflections of meningeal dura mater that separate the brain into sections? What do each separate?

Answer 13

Falx Ceribri (L&R Hemispheres of Cerebrum ), Falx Cerebelli, Tentorium Cerebelli, Sellar Diaphragm

Question 14

What are the endothelial-lined spaces that drain blood from the brain? What two layers are they generally formed between?

Answer 14

Dural Venous Sinuses, they are usually formed in between periosteal and meningeal layers (sometimes between just meningeal)

Question 15

What is the ultimate drain for blood in the brain?

Answer 15

Internal Jugular Vein

Question 16

What are the six paired dural venous sinuses?

Answer 16

1.Cavernous 2.Intercavernous 3.Superior Petrosal Sinus 4.Inferior Petrosal Sinus 5.Transverse Sinus 6.Sigmoid Sinus

Question 17

What are the four unpaired dural venous sinuses?

Answer 17

1.Superior Sagittal Sinus 2. Inferior Sagittal Sinus 3. Straight Sinus 4. Occipital Sinus

Question 18

What four CNs are on the WALL of the cavernous sinus of the dura?

Answer 18

III, IV, V(1&2)

Question 19

What are the three main nerves/groups of nerves that innervate the dura?

Answer 19

Trigeminal (V1,V2,V3) Vagus X, Dorsal Roots of C1-C3

Question 20

What four arteries supply the dura?

Answer 20

1. Middle Meningeal 2.Opthalmic 3.Occipital 4.Vertebral

Question 21

Which meningeal layer houses the CSF?

Answer 21

The Arachnoid Space (technically the sub arachnoid space)

Question 22

What arachnoid structures release CSF into the dural sinuses for exit?

Answer 22

The Arachnoid granulations

Question 23

What are the three meningeal spaces? What is the caveat with the dural spaces?

Answer 23

1.Epidural Space 2. Subdural Space 3. Subarachnoid Space The Epi and SubDural Spaces are not a “space” in life UNLESS there is a major problem (hematoma)

Question 24

Where is CSF produced?

Answer 24

The Choroid Plexus

Question 25

What is the direction of flow of CSF?

Answer 25

Lateral Ventricles->3rd Ventricle->4th Ventricle

Question 26

What are the two main arteries that supply the brain with blood?

Answer 26

1. Internal Carotid 2. Vertebral

Question 27

What are the 6 parts of the Circle of Willis?

Answer 27

1. Basilar 2. Posterior Cerebral 3. Posterior Communicating 4. Anterior Cerebral 5. Anterior Communicating 6. Middle Cerebral