SC Lumbosacral plexus

Question 1

what travels through the transvers foramen?

Answer 1

vertebra artery

Question 2

what are the major abdominal muscles?

Answer 2

recuts abdominis; external oblique; internal oblique; transversus abdominis

Question 3

as you ascend the spinal cord the amount of white mater?

Answer 3

increases

Question 4

what is a major the difference between pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts

Answer 4

pyramidal tracts (corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts) deal with voluntary movements; extrapyramidal tracts (rubrospinal tract; pontine reticulospinal tract; medullary reticulospinal tract; lateral vestibulospinal tract; tectospinal tract) deal with involuntary reflexes; movement and the modulation of movement;

Question 5

fibbers from which tract (pyramidal or extrapyramidal) innervate motor neurons? Which tract modulates movements?

Answer 5

Pyramidal tracts; extrapyramidal tracts

Question 6

what is the cauda equina?

Answer 6

the spinal cord and the vertebral column are at different heights this results in a “bundle”-like structure of nerve fibbers that extends caudally from the end of the spinal cord; gradually declining in number further down as individual pairs leave the spinal column.

Question 7

where does the spinal cord end?

Answer 7

the spinal cord in adults ends at about the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra (L1 or L2); and at birth at L3.

Question 8

what does the anterior root of the spinal nerve contain?

Answer 8

motor neuron axons

Question 9

what does the posterior root ganglion of the spinal nerve contain?

Answer 9

sensory nerves cell bodies

Question 10

the anterior ramus contains?

Answer 10

the mixed spinal nerve that supplies the antero-lateral parts of the trunk and the limbs

Question 11

the posterior ramus contains?

Answer 11

the mixed spinal nerve that supplies the posterior parts of the trunks

Question 12

in terms of the spinal cord; sympathetic fibbers exit the spinal cord at what levels? Parasympathetic fibbers exit at what levels?

Answer 12

sympathetic (T1-L3); parasympathetic (S2-S4)

Question 13

Spinal nerves may contain the what categories of fibres?

Answer 13

General somatic efferent; General somatic afferent; general visceral efferent; general visceral afferent

Question 14

which rami form the plexuses?

Answer 14

Anterior plexus

Question 15

what nerves arise from the lumbar plexus? What level is the lumbar plexus?

Answer 15

Ilioinguinal nerve; Iliohypogastric nerve; Genitofemoral nerve; Obturator nerve; femoral nerve; lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; L1-L4

Question 16

what does the lumbar plexus innervate?

Answer 16

Muscles of the lower abdomen; knee extensor muscles; hip adductor muscles

Question 17

what does the femoral nerve supply? Where does it arise from?

Answer 17

iliacus; pectineus; Sartorius; quadriceps femoris; Arises from the posterior divisions of the lumbar plexus

Question 18

what does the Obturator nerve supply?

Answer 18

hip joint; adductor longus; gracilis; adductor brevis; (pectineus); Obturator externus; adductor magnus; knee joint

Question 19

what connects the lumbar plexus with the sacral plexus?

Answer 19

lumbosacral trunk; mainly a component of the sacral plexus

Question 20

What is unique about the sciatic nerve?

Answer 20

it is the largest nerve in the body;

Question 21

what does the sacral plexus innervate?

Answer 21

muscles of the pelvic girdle and pelvic floor; posterior thigh muscles; all muscles in the leg and foot

Question 22

what muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate? What do muscles does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

Answer 22

The superior gluteal nerve supplies the gluteus medius and minimus and tensor fascia latae; the inferior gluteal nerve supplies the gluteus Maximus

Question 23

the tibial nerve supplies what muscles?

Answer 23

knee joint; hamstring muscles; plantar flexors; ankle joint; plantar intrinsic foot muscles

Question 24

the common fibular nerve supplies?

Answer 24

short head of biceps femoris; knee joint; fibularis muscles; dorsiflexion muscles; ankle joint; dorsal intrinsic foot muscles

Question 25

what supplies the short head of biceps femoris?

Answer 25

the common fibular nerve

Question 26

what are two components of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 26

The tibial nerve and the common fibular nerve