Satellites of Jupiter & Saturn Flashcards
1
Q
how many satellites does Jupiter have on the ‘inner’
A
Four
2
Q
Why are the inner moons called “Ring Moons”
A
because meteorite impacts on them creates Jupiter’s rings
3
Q
Name Jupiter’s Four ring moons
A
Metis, Adrastea, Amalthea, & Thebe
4
Q
The reddest moon in the solar system
A
Amalthea
5
Q
Why is Amalthea the reddest?
A
the sulfur deposited from Io makes it red
6
Q
How many of Jupiter’s satellites were discovered by gallileo?
A
Four
7
Q
Where do all of Jupiter’s moons revolve?
A
near the equator
8
Q
All of Jupiter’s moons have (High or Low) eccentricities
A
Low
9
Q
low eccentricity means that the orbit is (Circular or more oval)
A
circular
10
Q
Identical revolution and rotation periods
A
Synchronous rotation
11
Q
All of Jupiter’s moons have _______ rotation, or a __:__ spin-orbit coupling
A
synchronous; 1:1
12
Q
Moons with a revolution direction identical to their planet’s rotation
A
prograde orbit
13
Q
Name the four galilean satellites
A
Io, Europa, Ganymede, & Callisto
14
Q
Describe the surface of IO
A
a moldy looking surface, a little bigger than our moon
15
Q
What did Jupiter’s satellites form from?
A
The Jovian Nebula
16
Q
The most volcanic world in our solar system is
A
Io
17
Q
the driest world in our solar system is
A
Io
18
Q
Io has _____ impact craters
A
No
19
Q
Since Io has no impact craters, it is
A
Very young
20
Q
the relative height of the mountains on ____ are much larger than the Earths
A
Io
21
Q
Most of Ios volcanoes are of ______ origin, Not volcanic
A
tectonic
22
Q
Represented by black spots and are created via tidal heating
A
Volcanic Vents
23
Q
Volcanic Vents on _____ eject ____-
A
Io; ultramafic lava
24
Q
a type of lava that is hotter than earth’s mafic lava
A
Ultramafic Lava
25
This substance is abundant on Io and is responsible for the various colors on its surface
Sulfur
26
Sulfur is normally (Color)
Yellow
27
What causes sulfur to turn orange, green, red, or black?
the sulfur changing temperature when it hits the surface/space
28
on Io, sulfur dioxide is crystalized in space, coming back down on the surface of Io as ________ ____________
White snowflakes
29
A concentrated magnetic field line that forms a huge electrical circuit which carries from Jupiter to Io
Io Flex Tube
30
How many amps of electricity are in the Io Flex Tube
3 million
31
What is the Io Flex Tube made of?
plasma
32
Very hot, ionized gas
plasma
33
a doughnut shaped ring of plasma near Io's orbit
Plasma Tarus
34
The crust of ____ is a rigid layer of rock
Io
35
The mantle of ____ is a partially liquid layer of magma
Io
36
The core of ____ is solid iron or iron sulfide
Io
37
The most geologically active world in the solar system, but has no plate tectonics
io
38
The magnetic Field of ___ is induced by Jupiter's molten magma mantle
Io
39
The Second Galilean Moon
Europa
40
the solar system's smoothest world
Europa
41
The surface age of Europa
Young, few craters
42
The _____ ___ on Europa causes the world to appear different colors under different light
water ice
43
Under visible light, Europa appears ______
White
44
Under Infared Light, Europa appears
Blue
45
This surface feature of Europa appears red due to ________ from a substance found in _______, which appears as large red stains
mineral deposits, saltwater
46
pieces of crustal ice moved around by a warmer subsurface saltwater ocean
Ice Rafts
47
What world do Ice Rafts form on?
Europa
48
The lithosphere of Europa
A rigid layer of Water ICe
49
The asthenosphere of Europa
A liquid layer of warm saltwater
50
The Mesosphere of Europa
A rigid layer of rock
51
The plate tectonics on ______ are present, but different than that of Earths. They are solid ice and liquid water
Europa
52
The magnetic field of Europa is induced by Jupiter in its ______ ________ asthenosphere
Warm Saltwater
53
The most likely place to find extraterrestrial life in our solar system is
Europa
54
Life on Europa may be possible due to the
Warm saltwater ocean that is kept liquid by tidal heating
55
What is constantly recreating the surface of Europa?
ice tectonics
56
The solar system's largest moon
Ganymede
57
Ganymede has three main surface features. name them
Bight terrain, Dark terrain, and Galileo Regio
58
This surface feature on ______ has long grooves and few craters, which indicates a young surface age
Ganymede, Bright terrain
59
This surface feature on Ganymede has long furrows and many craters, which indicates a yong surface age
Dark terrain
60
a large circular area of dark terrain in the northern hemisphere
Galileo regio
61
where is Galileo regio located?
Northern hemisphere of Ganymede
62
The lithosphere of Ganymede
a rigid layer of water ice
63
The asthenosphere of ______ is a liquid layer of cold saltwater
Ganymede
64
the mesosphere of Ganymede is a
Rigid layer of rock
65
The _______ _____ of _______ is molten iron and represents spinning fluid that generates a magnetic field
Outer core, Ganymede
66
The inner core of Ganymede is made of
solid iron
67
the only moon to have a magnetosphere
ganymede
68
What relative magnetosphere does Ganymede have?
Weak, global
69
The magnetic field of _____ is induced by Jupiter in its ______ ________ asthenosphere
Cold Saltwater
70
Does Ganymede experience Tidal Heating?
No, because it has a very circular orbit
71
The solar systems most cratered world
Callisto
72
this moon is covered by a dark ,unknown substance
Callisto
73
Has the oldest surface of any world
Callisto
74
Callisto's largest impact crater
Valhalla
75
Callisto is partially differentiated, meaning it experiences _____ (a little or a lot) of tidal heating
a little
76
The lithosphere of Callisto
A rigid layer of water ice
77
The Asthenosphere of ____ is a liquid layer of cold saltwater with ammonia as an intifreeze
Callisto
78
The mesosphere of Callisto is
a mixture of water ice and rock
79
The magnetic field of Callisto is induced by Jupiter and its _______ _______ asthenosphere
Cold saltwater
80
The sidereal period ratio of Io, Europa, and Callisto
1:2:4 days
81
The sidereal period ratio of Io, Europa, and Callisto does what to their orbits?
Stabilizes them
82
Jupiter's (outer or inner) moons do not revolve around the equator
outer
83
the outer moons of Jupiter have
Elliptical orbits (High Eccectricities)
84
The outer moons of Jupiter are (small or large)
small
85
The type of orbits that most of Jupiter's outer moons have are
Retrograde
86
moons with a revolution direction different from their planet's rotation
Retrograde orbits
87
All of Jupiter's outer moons are
Captured asteroids
88
Saturn's moon that orbits and clears the Enke Gap
Pan
89
What moon clears the Enke Gap
Pan
90
Saturn's moon that orbits and clears the Keeler Gap
Daphnis
91
What moon clears the Keeler Gap
Daphnis
92
The last two inner moons of Saturn that keep the F ring in a narrow band (called shepherd satellites)
Prometheus & Pandora
93
Name the four inner moons of Saturn
Pan, Daphnis, Prometheus, and Pandora
94
The smallest, most spherical world due to self-gravitation
Mimas
95
What moon creates the Cassini Division on Saturn?
Mimas
96
Mimas's Largest Impact Crater
Hershel
97
The second moderate sized moon of Saturn
Enceladus
98
The most reflective world in the solar system is
Enceladus
99
Enceladus has a surface feature of pure
water ice
100
Ice volcanoes that erupt water from a cold substance saltwater ocean
cryovolcanoes
101
Cryovolcanoes from _____ supply ice particles to the E Ring
Enceladus
102
The interior of Enceladus is only partially
differentiated
103
the lithosphere of Enceladus
a rigid layer of pure water ice
104
the asthenosphere of Enceladus is a liquid layer of cold saltwater with ammonia as antifreeze in the (northern or southern) hemisphere
Southern
105
The core of Enceladus
a mix of water ice and rock
106
Enceladus has _____ tectonics
ice
107
name four others moons that orbit saturn
Tethys, Dione, Rhea, and Lapetus
108
Saturn has one planet-sized moon, named
titan
109
the solar system's second largest moon
titan
110
the only moon with a thick atmosphere
titan
111
the atmosphere of titan is mainly
nitrogen and methane
112
bright terrain on titan indicates areas covered by
water ice
113
dark terrain on titan indicates areas covered by
sand dunes
114
cryovolcanoes on titan errupt
methane, water, and ammonia
115
forming clouds, rain, and lakes through the _____ cycle near the (north or south) pole
Methane, north
116
the interior of titan is
a rigid layer of water ice
117
the asthenosphere of titan is a
liquid layer of cold saltwater with ammonia as antifreeze
118
the mesosphere of titan is
a rigid layer of water ice and rock
119
the moderate and planet sized moons of Saturn revolve near the
equator
120
moderate and planet sized moons of Saturn have ______ orbits, and ______ eccentricities
Circular, low
121
All moderate and planet sized moons of Saturn have ______ rotation and ______ orbits
synchronous, prograde
122
All moons around Saturn formed from the ______ _____
Saturn Nebula
