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Astronomy > Jupiter & Saturn > Flashcards

Jupiter & Saturn Flashcards

1
Q

Jupiter is the _______ god

A

supreme

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2
Q

Jupiter is the ___ planet from the sun

A

5th

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3
Q

Jupiter is the largest planet in what three categories

A

size, volume, and mass

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4
Q

Jupiter rotates what direction?

A

counterclockwise

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5
Q

what type of rotation does jupiter have?

A

prograde

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6
Q

Jupiter is the ______ rotating planet

A

fastest

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7
Q

Jupiter rotates faster at the equator and slower at the poles, meaning it has ______ _____

A

differential rotation

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8
Q

Jupiter is wider at the equator and smaller at the poles, meaning it is ____

A

oblate

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9
Q

The most abundant gas in Jupiter

A

hydrogen (86.2%)

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10
Q

The second most abundant gas in Jupiter

A

Helium (13.6%)

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11
Q

Methane, ammonia, and water make up _____% of Jupiter’s atmosphere

A

.2%

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12
Q

The fourth brightest object in the sky

A

jupiter

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13
Q

The pure color of the clouds

A

white

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14
Q

the upper layer of clouds on Jupiter are composed of

A

frozen ammonia crystals

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15
Q

the middle layer of clouds on Jupiter are composed of

A

Frozen ammonium hydrosulfate crystals

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16
Q

the lower layer of clouds on Jupiter are composed of

A

Frozen water crystals

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17
Q

As altitude on Jupiter decreases, what increases?

A

Temp, pressure, and wind speed

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18
Q

What causes the clouds on Jupiter to turn into narrow bands?

A

It’s fast roatation

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19
Q

the darker bands

A

belts

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20
Q

relative elevation of belts

A

low

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21
Q

the lighter bands

A

zones

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22
Q

relative elevation of zones

A

high

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23
Q

relative tempurature of belts

A

warm

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24
Q

belts may be ______

A

ascending gasses

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25
Q

relative temperature of zones

A

cool

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26
Q

zones may be _____

A

descending gasses

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27
Q

holes in the cloud cover that make lower, warmer clouds visible

A

brown ovals

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28
Q

where are brown ovals typically most common

A

northern hemisphere

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29
Q

the tops of clouds that represent cooler temperatures

A

white ovals

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30
Q

where are white ovals typically most common

A

southern hemisphere

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31
Q

a long-lived storm on Jupiter

A

the great red spot

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32
Q

where is the great red spot located

A

southern hemisphere

33
Q

how big is the great red spot

A

2 times the diameter of Earth

34
Q

what is the great red spot composed of

A

the highest altitude clouds

35
Q

which direction is the great red spot roatating?

A

counterclockwise

36
Q

A merger of three white ovals

A

Oval BA (red spot jr.)

37
Q

where is Oval BA located

A

southern hemisphere

38
Q

which direction is Oval BA roatating

A

counterclockwise

39
Q

The highest and oldest clouds

A

red clouds

40
Q

the highest and coolest clouds

A

white clouds

41
Q

the lowest and warmest clouds

A

brown clouds

42
Q

the three cloud layers are composed of ______ ______ & _____

A

ammonia, ammonium hydrosulfide, and water

43
Q

the gas layer of Jupiter’s interior is composed of

A

Hydrogen and helium

44
Q

the mantle of Jupiter is composed of

A

helium gas and liquid metallic hydrogen

45
Q

what generates Jupiter’s magnetic field

A

liquid metallic hydrogen

46
Q

composed of -liquid ices’

A

outer core

47
Q

in the outer core ______ exceeds _____, keeping the ices in a liquid state

A

temperature, pressure

48
Q

composed of solid rock

A

inner core

49
Q

Jupiter’s magnetic field is a ______ _____

A

strong global

50
Q

the second largest solar system object

A

Jupiter’s magnetic field

51
Q

when solar wind leaks through the magnetosphere’s weakest points, (the poles), what phenomenon is created

A

aurora

52
Q

how many rings does Jupiter have

A

4

53
Q

where do Jupiter’s rings revolve around

A

the equator

54
Q

what are Jupiter’s rings made of

A

dust

55
Q

what have Jupiter’s rings formed from

A

meteoritic impacts on Jupiter’s inner satellites

56
Q

Saturn is the ______ of _____

A

father of Jupiter

57
Q

6th planet from the sun

A

Saturn

58
Q

2nd largest planet

A

Saturn

59
Q

lowest density of any solar object

A

Saturn

60
Q

2nd fastest rotating planet

A

Saturn

61
Q

What kind of rotation does Saturn exhibit>

A

Prograde

62
Q

The planet with the greatest oblateness

A

Saturn

63
Q

It is cooler than Jupiter so its helium condenses and ‘rains’ further down into the planet, making Saturn ______ ____

A

Helium Deficient

64
Q

compared to Jupiter, Saturn’s clouds are more

A

spread out

65
Q

why are the clouds more spread out on Saturn than Jupiter

A

Saturn has weaker gravity

66
Q

What are the effects of weaker gravity on Saturn

A

Duller colors

67
Q

a six-sided cloud pattern on Saturn

A

the hexagon

68
Q

where is the Hexagon Located

A

The north pole of Saturn

69
Q

how much larger is Saturn’s magnetic moment than Earth’s

A

580x

70
Q

The albedo of Saturn’s rings

A

80%

71
Q

what are Saturn’s rings made of

A

bright, water ice particles

72
Q

each ring of Saturn is composed of hundreds of ______

A

ringlets

73
Q

relatively empty regions in the rings

A

Gaps

74
Q

The largest gap in Saturn’s rings

A

Cassini division

75
Q

Two other gaps in Saturn’s rings

A

Encke and Keeler gaps

76
Q

Microscopic dust particles that are electrostatically repulsed by the rings

A

spokes

77
Q

What does Saturn’s magnetic field do the spokes

A

it raises them out of the rings

78
Q

when do spokes appear

A

close to Saturn’s equinoxes

79
Q

when do spokes dissapear

A

close to Saturn’s solstices

Astronomy (7 decks)

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