SASx Exam II Material - Peritonitis, Oncology, etc. Flashcards
What is the most common form of peritonitis in canine and feline patients?
Secondary Septic Peritonitis
-
Most common source of infection is GI tract
- Perforation secondary to trauma
- Perforation from foreign body ingestion
- Neoplasia
- Ulceration
-
Polymicrobial infection
- E.coli
- Bacteroides
Early antibiotic treatment is associated with improved prognosis in septic peritonitis.
T/F: Intraperitoneal broad spectrum, bactericidal drugs are recommended
False
Broad spectrum, bactericidal drugs ARE recommended, but intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics is contraindicated
You will be excising a Grade 2 Mast Cell Tumor located in the subcutaneous tissue and decide you will take 3 cm laterally and remove one fascial plane below the tumor. These margins would be classified as:
wide margins
________ is the gold standard for diagnosis of neoplasia
biopsy
What type of excision is indicated for lipomas and benign masses, but is not ideal for malignant lesions?
Marginal/Cytoreductive
Fails to remove satellite tumor cells that are present outside the tumor pseudocapsule
Local lymph node excision is prognostic for what tumor types?
mammary carcinoma, mast cell tumors, apocrine gland adenocarcinoma
What is the most common splenic neoplasia in dogs?
hemangiosarcoma
T/F: In cats, the majority of splenic diseases are benign
False
In cats, ~75% of splenic diseases are malignant (splenomegaly or masses)
T/F: Prognosis following surgery for splenic hemangiosarcoma is fair to good in dogs
False
-
Surgery Only
- MST may be affected by tumor stage, number of gross lesions, and age at time of diagnosis
- Stage I and II MST = 86 days
- 1 year survival rate of 6%
-
Surgery + chemotherapy
- MST range of 140-202 days
What diagnostic modality is most commonly used to identify splenic torsion?
Ultrasound
- Most common modality for making diagnosis
- Generalized splenomegaly
- Lacy, diffusely hypoechoic spleen
- Hilar perivenous hyperechoic triangle
- Color flow doppler = absence of blood flow in hilar region
What is the major blood supply to the spleen?
celiac artery
What is the name of this liver biopsy technique?
guillotine
What is the main blood supply to the right pancreatic lobe?
cranial and caudal pancreaticoduodenal arteries
What is the main blood supply to the left pancreatic lobe?
splenic artery
What is the best method for diagnosing pancreatic pseudocysts?
Cytology
What is the gold standard test for diagnosing septic peritonitis?
Cytology of abdominal fluid
Intracellular bacteria and presence of hypersegmented, vacuolated neutrophils
You find these masses in the spleen of a dog. What type of tumor is most likely?
hemangiosarcoma
What is the most common pancreatic tumor of dogs and cats?
exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma
- Highly malignant, locally invasive, early to metastasize
-
Difficult to differentiate from pancreatitis on abdominal imaging
- Surgical explore may be necessary to obtain diagnosis
- May be resectable if small and no obvious metastases
- Advanced disease typically present at time of diagnosis
- Extremely poor prognosis
What is the median survival time (MST) for dogs with massive hepatocellular adenocarcinoma?
~4 years
What procedure is being performed in this image? What does it treat?
cholecystectomy for treatment of biliary mucocele
A dog presents to your hospital for lethargy, weakness and a painful abdomen. On physical exam a significant amount of fluid is palpated within his abdomen. An abdominocentesis is performed and the fluid is submitted for evaluation. The abdominal fluid glucose is 20mg/dL and the peripheral glucose is 80mg/dL. What is your diagnosis?
septic peritonitis
If blood glucose is more than 20 mg/dL higher than the glucose concentration of the fluid, it is indicative of septic peritonitis
What procedure is shown below?
partial splenectomy
preserves splenic function in animals with traumatic or focal lesions
What diagnostic technique is being used here?
portogram
to identify location of portosystemic shunt
