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RUSVM Small Animal Surgery I > Michelle Exam 2 > Flashcards

Michelle Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Scapular fractures are common in (signalment) with what presentation?

A

Young large breed animals

Acute severe lameness (due to avulsions of the Gleniod tubercle)

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2
Q

Humeral condylar fractures more commonly affect which side and what breed/age?

A

Lateral

Spaniel breeds, 2 yo

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3
Q

Can you use external coaptation to correct a humeral condylar fracture?

A

Nope, need Anatomic reduction

  • lag screw + anti-rotational wire
  • plates for T or Y fractures
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4
Q

What are Monteggia Fractures?

A

Fracture of the ulna w/ dislocation of the radial head

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5
Q

What Monteggia fracture is most common?

A

Type I

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6
Q

Distal diaphyseal radius/ulna fracture are most common in what kind of dogs and what is their tx?

A

Young small breed dogs

Sx is the best tx -> no casting!

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7
Q

What pelvic fractures have the highest priority for surgical stabilization?

A

Acetabulum, ileal, and sacroiliac luxations

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8
Q

Most common sites for spinal fractures and luxations?

A

T3-L3 and L4-L7

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9
Q

What is the most sensitive method for overall evaluation of the vertebral column?

A

CT and MRI

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10
Q

What are the 4 A’s of fracture systemic assessments

A

Apposition
Alignment
Apparatus
Activity

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11
Q

T/F quadriceps contracture is reversible

A

False- it’s often irreversible

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12
Q

Common sites for OSA

A

Prox humerus, distal radius/ulna
Distal femur, prox tibia
“Away from the elbow, towards the knee”

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13
Q

What’s the gold standard for OSA?

A

Biopsy

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14
Q

T/F micrometastasis are present in most patients @ initial dx

A

True

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15
Q

Treatment for septic osteoarthritis

A

Anthology and joint lavage - common - antibiotics won’t work alone, must open up and flush out the joint

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16
Q

What’s the most important element in medical tx of osteoarthritis?

A

Weight management

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17
Q

OCD etiology

A

Genetics/heredity
Increased vitamin D/Calcium
Trauma- microtrauma & macrotrauma

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18
Q

OCD presentation (immature and mature)

A

Immature- inflammatory arthritis
Mature- secondary degenerative dz
Male, lg breed dogs

19
Q

Most common joints affected with OCD?

A

Shoulder- caudolateral numeral head
Elbow- medial numeral condyle
Hock- medial or lateral talar ridge
Stifle- medial or lateral femoral condyle

20
Q

T/F Biceps brachii tendinopathy can be dx’d and tx’s with arthroscopy

A

True

21
Q

Treatment for recurrent/peristaltic lameness from biceps brachii tendinopathy?

A

Intraarticular corticosteroid injection

22
Q

80% of shoulder instability is ____________

A

Medial

23
Q

T/F Shoulder instability responds well to NSAIDs and rest

A

False

It’s an anatomic problem- not inflammation!

24
Q

Tx for severe shoulder instability

A

Medial glen overall ligament reconstruction

25
Q

Signalment and tx for Infraspinatus Contracture

A

Active, adult, large or hunting breed dogs. Will be standing with elbow addicted and antibrachium abducted (like they’re holding their paw out for shake to the side)
Tx: teen tony of Infraspinatus tendon

26
Q

With traumatic shoulder medial luxation the distal limb will be ______

A

Abducted

27
Q

With traumatic shoulder lateral luxation the distal limb with be ________________

A

Adducted

28
Q

Most common traumatic shoulder luxation side

A

Medial

29
Q

Tx for traumatic shoulder luxation (medial and lateral)

A

Closed reduction
Medial- velpuau sling
Lateral- spica splint

Sx if chronic/recurrent/unstable/accompanying fractures

30
Q

Congenital Shoulder Luxation signalment, PE, tx

A

Signalment: small, toy breeds, 3-10 mo
PE: minimal pain, can’t reduce Gleniod
The: Glenoid dysplasia - salvage (best), Gleniod excision

31
Q

Elbow Dysplasia presentation

A

Biphasic age distribution- young (pain due to defect in joint surface), old (pain due to OA)
Large and giant breed dogs
Chronic, progressive lameness aggravated by activity

32
Q

What would you find on PE of UAP?

A

Pain on extension

33
Q

What would you find of PE of MCD

A

Pain on flexion + supination

34
Q

Characteristic posture for MCD

A

“Toed out” like a ballet turnout

35
Q

Proposed etiology for UAP

A

Radio ulnar incongruity

36
Q

If anconeal process hasn’t fused by ____ weeks = UAP

A

24 weeks

37
Q

Proposed FCP etiology

A

Microtrauma

38
Q

OCD etiology

A

Failure of endochondral ossification due to gender, breed, growth rate, genes, nutrition

39
Q

Gold standard for dx’ing FCP and OCD

A

Arthroscopy

40
Q

Surgical tx for UAP

A

Fragment excision- not ideal by itself but ok for older dog with DJD
Osteotomy + fixation- more appropriate for dogs w/o OA

41
Q

Surgical treatment for FCP/OCD?

A

Arthroscopic treatment is GOLD STANDARD

42
Q

Treatment for traumatic elbow luxation

A

Closed reduction -> acute
Open reduction -> concurrent fractures
Salvage -> DJD

43
Q

Do you maintain the leg in extension or flexion for postop traumatic elbow luxation

A

Extension

RUSVM Small Animal Surgery I (15 decks)

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