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BacT RUSVM Summer 15 > Salmonella > Flashcards

Salmonella Flashcards

1
Q

What subspecies of Salmonella are of Veterinary importance?

A

Subspecies enterica

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2
Q

What are the host specific virulence species for salmonella?

A

(typhoid) serotypes

Eg. S. typhi; S. Gallinarum

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3
Q

What are the host adapted/restricted serotypes for salmonella?

A

S. Dublin- bovine

S. typhimurium var. Copenhagen: pigeon

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4
Q

What are the non host specific serotypes for salmonella?

A

Most serotypes

Typhimurium, enteridits, virchow, agona, paratyphi B

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5
Q

How is Salmonella in the environment?

A

Quite resistant- esp when protected by organic material (shit) and in dust or feed.

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6
Q

Which serotypes are zoonotic in regards to salmonella?

A

Non host specific, some host adapted/restriced

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7
Q

Where are you going to find salmonella? extracellular/ intracellular?

A

Facultative intracellular

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8
Q

what are the main serotypes of salmonella in bovine?

A

S. typhimurium and dublin

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9
Q

what are the symptoms of Salmonella typhimurium?

A

***Diarrhea (illeum + large intestine)
General symptoms
abortion
Udder (tissue localization).

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10
Q

Salmonella dublin, Calfs symptoms?

A 
(diarrhea)
general symptoms
Tissue localization 
-lung
-liver
-spleen
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11
Q

Salmonella dublin, Adult cattle symptoms

A

Diarrhea
Organ dependent symptoms
-abortion
-subclinical mastitis (persisting intracellular)

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12
Q

Salmonella Dx Bovine?

A 
Live animals
Fecal material
Milk-mastitis
Respiratory: BAL
Arthritis: puncture
Abortion: fetus, placenta, vagina

Dead animals

  • ileum
  • different organs
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13
Q

Tx of Salmonella in bovine?

A

Isolation
Fluids
Antimicrobials
NSAIDs

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14
Q

Host specific serotype of salmonella and pigs?

A

S. Choleraesuis: typhoid

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15
Q

Non host specific Salmonella in pigs symptoms?

A

Clinical symptoms in animals >50kg, most freq subclinical
Diarrhea
Slow spread
Hyperacute form (>70-80kg)- ACUTE MORTALITY
Acute form freq + cyanosis
Chronic form: Non specific, lesser growth

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16
Q

What are the zoonotic species of salmonella?

A

S. Typhimurium

S. Derby

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17
Q

Dx of salmonella and pigs?

A

Culture
Elisa (Antigen)
Elisa (antibodies) difficult to interpret
-used sometime in control programs

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18
Q

Tx of salmonella in pigs?

A

nothing cool
antimicrobials
general support (nsaids)

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19
Q

Prevention of Salmonella in pigs?

A

All in all out system
clean + disinfect
Organic acids- drinking water and feed
Feed composition

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20
Q

Salmonella in horses species and pathogenesis?

A

Salmonella Abortus-equi

-pathogenesis depends on uptake

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21
Q

Dx of salmonella in horses

A

bactiology tests

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22
Q

Tx of Salmonella in horses?

A

Antimicrobials

Elimination from repro organs is difficult due to bacteria being intracellular

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23
Q

What is the incubation period of mastitis in horses considered?

A

Short- hours to 6 days

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24
Q

Mild Symptoms of salmonella in horses?

A

General - fever anorexia depression
Slight diarrhea
Dx difficult (isolation from feces difficult)
Self-limiting

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25
Acute symptoms of salmonella in horses?
``` Fever, anorexia, mild colic, 24h: Diarrhea Severe symptoms + cyanosis Shock possible Laminitis Slow recovery and relapse possible Can evolve to Chronic -dec weight -Intermittent diarrhea + anorexia + fever ```
26
Hyperacute salmonella in horses?
``` Foal Sever general symptoms Eventually diarrhea Endotoxic shock 24-72h--> Death Tissue localization -foal -depends on organ effected -Freq arthritis ```
27
Dx of Salmonella in horses?
Neutropenia | Culture
28
Tx of salmonella in horses?
Fluids IV NSAIDS Antimicrobials Tx carriers as well!
29
prevention of Salmonella in horses?
Hygiene
30
Salmonella in dogs and cats is usually non host specific T/F?
True
31
Symptoms of salmonella in dogs and cats?
Enteritis and septicemia
32
What percent of dogs and cats are carriers for Salmonella?
D 0-36% | C 0-20%
33
What is the origin of salmonella infection in dogs and cats?
Feed
34
Dx of Salmonella in Dogs and Cats?
Culture Elisa PCR
35
Tx of Salmonella in dogs and Cats?
Fluids | Antibiotics- exception: contraindicated in animals with a good general condition= creation of carriers
36
Salmonella Paratyphus?
Pigeon salmonella
37
Species of salmonella in pigeons?
``` S. Typhimurium var. Copenhagen specific clonal lineage Not zoonotic Carriers are the cause of spread Systemic disease + diarrhea ```
38
when does acute paratyphus occur?
Mainly during breeding season
39
Chronic paratyphus is associated with?
One wing hanging down (tissue localization) | Intermittent excretion
40
Flock symptoms of paratyphus?
``` Anorexia Weight Diarrhea Limping Unable to fly Breeding difficulties Apathic PU/PD Mortality ```
41
Dx of Paratyphus?
Culture | Rapid slide agglutination for antibodies
42
Tx of paratyphus?
Antimicrobials Immune therapy: inactivated vaccine -not to prevent infection; rather to reduce severity of dz Hygiene
43
Salmonella in psittaciformes?
Very rare
44
Salmonella in passeriformes?
S. Typhimurium (other clone than columbiformes) - birdhouses - -stress - -overcrowding - - cold + humid - - inappropriate feed
45
Symptoms of salmonella in passeriformes?
apathic Dec feed and water intake Chronic Diarrhea
46
Salmonella in poultry: Typhoid or paratyphoid like?
S. pullorum | S. gallinarum
47
Non- Typhoid salmonella in poultry?
``` S. enteridits other: -typhimurium -virchow -paratyphi B -Infatis -agona -NEWPORT-US-*** ```
48
S. pullorum/gallinarum are antigenically the same? T/F
True | also similar to S. enteriditis (vaccination for SE will give false positives in serology)
49
how is S. pullorum/ gallinarum differentiated?
PCR REPORTABLE DZ Official elimination programs (now rare Dz in Europe and North America)
50
Salmonella in turkeys?
S. enterica ssp arizonae
51
S. pullorum is going to affect who at what age?
Pullorum Dz | Chicken, Turkey, Pheasent
52
S. pullorum in Adults?
oophoritis w/ deformed yellow-greenish follicles
53
Typhoid salmonella in poultry Dx and Tx?
Culture Serology: Slide agglutination -cross reactivity w/ SE vaccination False positives due to Strep Lancefield D Tx only for hobby poultry: antibiotics but no elimination (intracellular) REPORTABLE!
54
S. Gallinarum: fowl typhoid information?
Chickens, Ducks, pheasant, quail, partridges, turkeys Serological Cross rxn w/ S. pullorum * *Older animals * ******REPORTABLE*****
55
symptoms of S. Gallinarum?
Hyper acute mortality + hemolytic anemia (endotoxins) | Acute and subacute; increasing mortality up to 30%- general symptoms
56
Turkey salmonella?
S. enterica ssp arizonae
57
Turkey salmonella age and geographical location?
Only younger animals | United States
58
Dx & Tx of Turkey salmonella S. enterica ssp arizonae?
Culture Tx- eradication Control by serology (slide agglutination): difficult different serotypes false negatives
59
S. enteriditis important information?
ZOONOTIC (egg contamination) raw undercooked eggs- COOKIE DOUGH! Dz Decreased greatly due to vaccine Eggs from positive flocks must be heated.
60
Breeding animals in the EU must be free from what species of salmonella?
``` Enteriditis Typhimurium virchow hadar infantis paratyphi B var. Java ```
61
Salmonella in broiler chicken percentage?
30% positive
62
Slaughter salmonella percentage?
up to 80% - US decontamination of carcasses w/ bleach (not allowed in EU)

BacT RUSVM Summer 15 (20 decks)

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