Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BacT RUSVM Summer 15 > Gram Positive Cocci staph > Flashcards

Gram Positive Cocci staph Flashcards

1
Q

What is metabolism of Staphylococcus?

A

Facultative anaerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the result of the catalase test in Staph?

A

Positive

exceptions= anaerobic species; S. sacharolyticus, S. aureus subsp. anaerobius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of pathogen is Staph?

A

Classic opportunistic pathogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the natural habitat of Staph?

A

Skin and mucous membranes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Is staphylococcus apart of the normal flora?

A

It can be.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is coagulase?

A

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen- Fibrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the coagulase positive Staph species?

A 
S. aureus
S. aureus susp anaerobius
S. intermedius group
(S. pseudintermedius, S. intermiedius, S. delphini)
S. hyicus (swine)
S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans
S. schleiferi subsp. schleiferi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the Coagulase Negative Staph species?

A 
S. Felis
S. Epidermidis
S. hemolyticus
S. saprophyticus
S. similans
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the clinical significance of Staph?

A

Suppurative conditions
Superficial- Skin & soft tissue ( Pyoderma, folliculitis, furunculosis, wound infections).
Deep infections ( Abcess, cellulitis, mastitis, pyomyositis, Necrotizing faciitis and myositis)
Infections of other body systmes ( Empyema, osteomyelitis, arthritis, endocarditis, pneumonia, otitis, sinusitis, menigitis)
Invasive bacteremia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are chronic persitent relapsing infections?

A

Pyogranulomatous (Pus- Neutrophils and Macrophages).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

For staph is there a “one host one pathogen” concept?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which speciases can be infected with staph?

A

all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Can one host species be predominantly susceptible to a species of staph?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What virulence factors are associated with staph?

A

Many including
Adhesins,
enzymes,
Toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the understanding of the pathogenesis of staph?

A

No deep understanding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The interaction of Multiple virulence factors in a staph infection are critical? T/F?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is TSST-1

A

Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Staphylococcal enterotoxin?

A

Staphylococcal food poisoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Exfoliative toxins are associated with?

A

Staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The superantigen associated with staph is important why?

A

The superantigen has indiscriminate binding to Many T cells releasing cytokines causing problems

21
Q

Protein A Virulence Factor, what is it?

A

Binds to FC portion of IgG- preventing phagocytosis

22
Q

This virulence factor lyses RBC and other body Cells

A

Hemolysins

23
Q

This virulence factor destroys tissues

A

Proteases

24
Q

What does hyaluronidase as a virulence factor cause?

A

Destruction of connective tissue

25
Q

Lipases

A

break down fat

26
Q

Alpha toxins are responsible for?

A

Membrane damaging toxins

27
Q

This virulence factor plays a role in necrotizing Fasciitis and pneumonia in dongs

A

Leukocidin

28
Q

Exfoliative toxins

A

Staph scalded skin syndrome

29
Q

Biofilm formation

A

Virulence factor allowing for further bacterial infection to persist.

30
Q

what is the most common Dz in dogs regarding Staph?

A

Bacterial Folliculitis and Furnculosis

31
Q

What is the most common Isolate in dogs?

A

S. pseudintermedius

32
Q

Is S. aureus a “go to” in dogs for bacterial Dz?

A

No S. pseudintermedius

33
Q

How is a Staph infection diagnosed?

A

Direct examination of specimen
Gram + cocci in clusters
Evidence of inflammation with abundance of Neutrophils is highly suggestive
Culture

34
Q

Is PCR a good choice for a skin infection?

A

No, Normal flora on skin can cause misdiagnosis.

CONTAMINATION

35
Q

What is important regarding Staph in Cattle?

A

S. aureus- Sub-acute or acute mastitis

Per-acute mastitis (gangrenous mastitis)

36
Q

what causes Ulcerative Pododermatitis? and which species?

A

S. aureus- Humans and Porcine

37
Q

Cervical Lymphadenitis in sheep is caused by?

A

S. auerus subsp. anaerobius

38
Q

Bumble foot? who? What?

A

Birds feet big nasty ulcer, S. aureus

39
Q

Botryomycosis is what?

A

Chronic pyogranulomatous inflammation
Found in rodents, humans and horses
Most common isolate= S. aureus
SQ or deep tissue

40
Q

What is the first line of treatment choice for Staph?

A

1st generation cephalosporins (cephalexin)

41
Q

All staphylococcus isolates which are macrolide (erythromycin) resistant should be considered Clindamycin Resistant unless confirmed by what?

A

D- Test

42
Q

Chloramphenicol can be used but frequently is not used, Why?

A

Human health concern of idiosyncratic causing aplastic anemia

43
Q

Types of treatment include?

A

Local therapy
Intra-articular injections
Regional perfusions
topical application in superficial infections
Mupirocin and Fusidic Acid (decolonization)
Chlorhexidine acetate
alternative therapies

44
Q

What type of resistance is associated with staph species?

A

MRSA, MRSP

45
Q

What mediates resistance resulting in altered penicillin binding protein (PB2a)?

A

mecA gene

46
Q

What type of resistance is common in staph species?

A

Beta-lactamase

47
Q

How can one tell if the client got the dog sick or vic a versa?

A

Pulse field gel electrophoresis.

48
Q

To control the infection it is important to do what?

A

Avoid contact
good hygiene
isolate known infections if possible
client education ( MUST TELL OLDER OR IMMUNOCOMPETENT CLIENTS TO SEE PHYSICIAN!!!)
Treatment of colonized pet is not a normal practice

BacT RUSVM Summer 15 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions