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Microbiology > Salivary Pellicle > Flashcards

Salivary Pellicle Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does the oral microbial ecology dept on

A

saliva
lifestyle
microflor
host defences

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2
Q

what happens to K at rest and tim and GCF

A

80
80
70

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3
Q

what is Ca at rest stem nd GCF

A

6
6
20

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4
Q

is there bicarbonate in GCF

A

no

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5
Q

what is mg/100ml bicarb tim and rest

A

200

31

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6
Q

what are some salivary functions

A 
Digestion 
buffer
mineralisation
librication/visc
tissue coat
anti fungal 
anti viral
anti bac
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7
Q

what is the digestion function

A

amylases
mucins
lipases

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8
Q

what is the mineralisation function

A

cystatins
histamines
PRP
statheirns

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9
Q

what is the anti fungal function

A

histatines

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10
Q

what si the tissue coating function

A 
amylases
cystatins 
mucins
PRP 
statherins
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11
Q

what si the anti viral fuction

A

cystatins

mucins

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12
Q

what si the anti bac fucntion

A 
amylases
cystatins
histatines
mucins
peroxides
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13
Q

what is the buffering fucntion

A

carbonic anhydrase

histatins

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14
Q

what si the formation of the acquired pellicle

A

material depo rapid on fresh clean tooth

peptides
proteins
enzymes
glycoproteins
lipids
glycolipids
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15
Q

how thick is pellicle

A

0.1-1um

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16
Q

what si the pellicle simple

A

cell free proteinaceous layer

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17
Q

what si selective adsorption of pellicle

A

of hydroxyapatite reactive salivary proteins, serum proteins and microbial products
- contains most salivary proteins and lipid

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18
Q

wat is the diffusion barrier of pellicle

A

protects agains bac acids

slows loss of dissolved calcium and phosphate ions

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19
Q

what is the renewable lubricant of the pellicle

A

helps protect teeth from a attrition and abrasion

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20
Q

what are the ions at the enamel surface

A

cations - Ca

anions - hydroxide and phosphate

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21
Q

what si the net charge of the enamel surface

A

-ve

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22
Q

what does contact with saliva and the enamel surface immediatelyproduce

A

charged layer
- hydration/ stern layer
counter ions calcium

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23
Q

pellicle formation on ….. discs

A

HA

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24
Q

is HA sol

A

not very much

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25
Q

what is the basic HA make up

A

saliva supersaturated for salts

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26
Q

loss of calcium phosphate depends on amount of

A

Ca
PO4
2OH in solution

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27
Q

mass action of calcium phosphate is at

A

equilibrium

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28
Q

at a low pH what happens to supersaturation

A

it decreases

CRITICAL pH

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29
Q

what is supersaturation

A

high pH CaPo4 can precip
need nuc sites
pellicle mask underly HA prevent nuc site
plaque - nuc site

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30
Q

what is carbonic anhydrase unique to

A

saliva

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31
Q

what reaction does carbonic anhydrase drive

A

bicarbonate and hydrogen –> carbon dioxide and water

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32
Q

what si the phase buffering of Carbonic Anhydrase

A

phase conversion of dissolved CO2 into a volatile gas

contributes to neut acids

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33
Q

what secretes CA IV

A

acinar cells as isoenzyme

34
Q

what does CA IV do when sec

A

binds to pellicle

localised protection though removal of hydrogen ion

35
Q

what is a statherin

A

acidic phosphoprotein

4 variants present

36
Q

where do statherins concentrate

A

at air/saliva interface along with calcium

37
Q

what do staherins prevent

A

primary and secondary calcium phosphate disposition

38
Q

what are the components of a statheirn

A

n terminal basic residue

NMR helical structure

39
Q

whats the acton of statherni

A

occupy site that would otherwise be used for nucleating crystallisation

40
Q

what are PRP

A

fam proteins
rich proline, glutamic acid, glutamine and glycine

amphiphilic

41
Q

what are the 3 groups of PRPs

A

acidic
basic
glycosylated

42
Q

what is a key theme of proline

A

flexible

can have conformational changes dept on fucntion

43
Q

PRPs can proteolytically cleave - what does this mean

A

oral fluid and glandular see distinct
sterile to non sterile
expo to bac derived proteases
release peptides when broken down

44
Q

when do PRP bind

A

early binding to pellicle and incorp into mature biofilms

45
Q

what does the N terminus of PRP similar to

A

stathern

46
Q

where is PRP said to be

A

occupy sites where calcium phosphate depo would occur

47
Q

what are some calcium phosphate inhibitors

A

stratheirn

acidic PRP

48
Q

what are moderate inhibit of CaPhos

A

histatins

cystatins

49
Q

what are some weak inhibit of CaPhos

A

mucins

amylase

50
Q

the surface layer of early carious lesion forms what

A

impermeable barrier to diffusion of high m.w inhibitors

still per to Ca and Phos

51
Q

inhibitors may encourage what

A

mineralisation by preventing crystal growth on surface of lesion by keeping pores open

52
Q

inhibitors can form complexes that release

A

calcium d phsoate ions

53
Q

what is the most abundant salivary enzyme

A

alpha amylase

54
Q

what does alpha amylase do

A

hydrolyse glycosidic bonds of polysaccharides

55
Q

what si the end product of amylase

A

maltose – further fermented to glucose by oral bac

56
Q

what is alpha amylase resistant to

A

proteolytic cleavage

57
Q

when is alpha amylase immobilised on pellicle

A

in assc with mucin or antibodies

58
Q

what is secreted by von ebner glands of tongue

A

lingual lipase

serous hands around circumvallate pap

59
Q

what is lipase involved in

A 
fat digestion
hydrolyse med to long chain triglycerides 
digest milk fat 
highly hydrophobic 
remains active in stomach
60
Q

what do salivary glycoproteins contribute to the pellicle

A

90% of acquired pellicle

26% salivary proteins

61
Q

what does salivary glycoproteins cotain

A

acidic sugars -ve (sialic acid)

62
Q

what is a key factor os salivary gycoprotiens

A

reduce surface tension

63
Q

what si the tissue coating function assc with mucin

A

protective covering about hard/soft tissues

primary role in formation of acquired pellicle

64
Q

what si the lubrication function assc with mucin

A

align with direction flow

increases lubricating qualities

65
Q

what ar he roles of mucins

A

mem assi mucin
secreted mucins
gel filtration effect
ion exchange effects

66
Q

what are the two major ours of salivary mucin

A

MG1 - oligomeric mucin glycoprotein

MG2 - monomeric mucin glycoprotein

67
Q

what is MG1

A

mix of 2 mucins
GEL FORMING
mem bound
mucosal ad enamel surface coating

68
Q

what is MG2

A

one gene product

influence on oral microbiota

69
Q

what is H2o2

A

highly reactive oxygen sp

70
Q

what is estimated levels of h2o2 in whole saliva

A

8-14 uM

71
Q

what si the major source of h2o2

A

facultative anaerobes

  • s sanguines
  • s mitis
72
Q

what can h2o2 be covered to and cause what

A

cons to hydroxyl radicals

damage to DNA and lipids

73
Q

dismutaion of h2o2 critical for

A

protecting mucosa, fibroblasts etc

74
Q

what can be used for dismutaion of h2o2

A

bacterial catalases

salivary peroxides

75
Q

what is sialoperoxidase secreted by

A

parotid ad submandibular glands

76
Q

what happens to sialoperoxidase

A

readily adsorbed t various surfaces of mouth

77
Q

what is myeloperoxidases form

A

leukocytes entering Gingival crevice

78
Q

what does the amount of peroxides depend on

A

the extent of inflamed sites in perio and mucosal surfaces

79
Q

what do the peroxides essentially do

A

protects host from h2o2 toxicity

gen antimicrobial end products

80
Q

what is the oxidase many present when there is h2o2

A

thiocyanate

81
Q

what is thiocyanate

A

electron donor
normal component of saliva
salivary concentration dept on diet and smoke

Microbiology (13 decks)

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