Salivary Pellicle Flashcards by Charlotte Smith

what does the oral microbial ecology dept on

saliva
lifestyle
microflor
host defences

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what happens to K at rest and tim and GCF

80
80
70

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what is Ca at rest stem nd GCF

6
6
20

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is there bicarbonate in GCF

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what is mg/100ml bicarb tim and rest

200

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what are some salivary functions

Digestion 
buffer
mineralisation
librication/visc
tissue coat
anti fungal 
anti viral
anti bac

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what is the digestion function

amylases
mucins
lipases

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what is the mineralisation function

cystatins
histamines
PRP
statheirns

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what is the anti fungal function

histatines

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what si the tissue coating function

amylases
cystatins 
mucins
PRP 
statherins

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what si the anti viral fuction

cystatins

mucins

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what si the anti bac fucntion

amylases
cystatins
histatines
mucins
peroxides

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what is the buffering fucntion

carbonic anhydrase

histatins

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what si the formation of the acquired pellicle

material depo rapid on fresh clean tooth

peptides
proteins
enzymes
glycoproteins
lipids
glycolipids

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how thick is pellicle

0.1-1um

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what si the pellicle simple

cell free proteinaceous layer

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what si selective adsorption of pellicle

of hydroxyapatite reactive salivary proteins, serum proteins and microbial products
- contains most salivary proteins and lipid

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wat is the diffusion barrier of pellicle

protects agains bac acids

slows loss of dissolved calcium and phosphate ions

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what is the renewable lubricant of the pellicle

helps protect teeth from a attrition and abrasion

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what are the ions at the enamel surface

cations - Ca

anions - hydroxide and phosphate

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what si the net charge of the enamel surface

-ve

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what does contact with saliva and the enamel surface immediatelyproduce

charged layer
- hydration/ stern layer
counter ions calcium

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pellicle formation on ….. discs

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is HA sol

not very much

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what is the basic HA make up

saliva supersaturated for salts

loss of calcium phosphate depends on amount of

Ca PO4 2OH in solution

mass action of calcium phosphate is at

equilibrium

at a low pH what happens to supersaturation

it decreases | CRITICAL pH

what is supersaturation

high pH CaPo4 can precip need nuc sites pellicle mask underly HA prevent nuc site plaque - nuc site

what is carbonic anhydrase unique to

saliva

what reaction does carbonic anhydrase drive

bicarbonate and hydrogen --> carbon dioxide and water

what si the phase buffering of Carbonic Anhydrase

phase conversion of dissolved CO2 into a volatile gas | contributes to neut acids

what secretes CA IV

acinar cells as isoenzyme

what does CA IV do when sec

binds to pellicle | localised protection though removal of hydrogen ion

what is a statherin

acidic phosphoprotein | 4 variants present

where do statherins concentrate

at air/saliva interface along with calcium

what do staherins prevent

primary and secondary calcium phosphate disposition

what are the components of a statheirn

n terminal basic residue | NMR helical structure

whats the acton of statherni

occupy site that would otherwise be used for nucleating crystallisation

what are PRP

fam proteins rich proline, glutamic acid, glutamine and glycine amphiphilic

what are the 3 groups of PRPs

acidic basic glycosylated

what is a key theme of proline

flexible | can have conformational changes dept on fucntion

PRPs can proteolytically cleave - what does this mean

oral fluid and glandular see distinct sterile to non sterile expo to bac derived proteases release peptides when broken down

when do PRP bind

early binding to pellicle and incorp into mature biofilms

what does the N terminus of PRP similar to

stathern

where is PRP said to be

occupy sites where calcium phosphate depo would occur

what are some calcium phosphate inhibitors

stratheirn | acidic PRP

what are moderate inhibit of CaPhos

histatins | cystatins

what are some weak inhibit of CaPhos

mucins | amylase

the surface layer of early carious lesion forms what

impermeable barrier to diffusion of high m.w inhibitors | still per to Ca and Phos

inhibitors may encourage what

mineralisation by preventing crystal growth on surface of lesion by keeping pores open

inhibitors can form complexes that release

calcium d phsoate ions

what is the most abundant salivary enzyme

alpha amylase

what does alpha amylase do

hydrolyse glycosidic bonds of polysaccharides

what si the end product of amylase

maltose -- further fermented to glucose by oral bac

what is alpha amylase resistant to

proteolytic cleavage

when is alpha amylase immobilised on pellicle

in assc with mucin or antibodies

what is secreted by von ebner glands of tongue

lingual lipase | serous hands around circumvallate pap

what is lipase involved in

``` fat digestion hydrolyse med to long chain triglycerides digest milk fat highly hydrophobic remains active in stomach ```

what do salivary glycoproteins contribute to the pellicle

90% of acquired pellicle | 26% salivary proteins

what does salivary glycoproteins cotain

acidic sugars -ve (sialic acid)

what is a key factor os salivary gycoprotiens

reduce surface tension

what si the tissue coating function assc with mucin

protective covering about hard/soft tissues | primary role in formation of acquired pellicle

what si the lubrication function assc with mucin

align with direction flow | increases lubricating qualities

what ar he roles of mucins

mem assi mucin secreted mucins gel filtration effect ion exchange effects

what are the two major ours of salivary mucin

MG1 - oligomeric mucin glycoprotein MG2 - monomeric mucin glycoprotein

what is MG1

mix of 2 mucins GEL FORMING mem bound mucosal ad enamel surface coating

what is MG2

one gene product | influence on oral microbiota

what is H2o2

highly reactive oxygen sp

what is estimated levels of h2o2 in whole saliva

8-14 uM

what si the major source of h2o2

facultative anaerobes - s sanguines - s mitis

what can h2o2 be covered to and cause what

cons to hydroxyl radicals | damage to DNA and lipids

dismutaion of h2o2 critical for

protecting mucosa, fibroblasts etc

what can be used for dismutaion of h2o2

bacterial catalases | salivary peroxides

what is sialoperoxidase secreted by

parotid ad submandibular glands

what happens to sialoperoxidase

readily adsorbed t various surfaces of mouth

what is myeloperoxidases form

leukocytes entering Gingival crevice

what does the amount of peroxides depend on

the extent of inflamed sites in perio and mucosal surfaces

what do the peroxides essentially do

protects host from h2o2 toxicity | gen antimicrobial end products

what is the oxidase many present when there is h2o2

thiocyanate

what is thiocyanate

electron donor normal component of saliva salivary concentration dept on diet and smoke